Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss
The impact on the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio from Arctic sea ice loss is investigated using the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) model for their important roles during climate change. Results show that the Gulf Stream (Kuroshio) weakens (strengthens) in response to Arctic sea ice loss...
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MDPI AG
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040514 https://doaj.org/article/87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 2023-05-15T14:39:37+02:00 Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss Kun Wang Linyue Wu Haiwen Liu Bo Dan Haijin Dai Clara Deser 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040514 https://doaj.org/article/87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/4/514 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos13040514 2073-4433 https://doaj.org/article/87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 Atmosphere, Vol 13, Iss 514, p 514 (2022) Arctic sea ice loss subtropical western boundary currents AMOC air–sea interaction warming hole Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040514 2022-12-30T23:32:11Z The impact on the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio from Arctic sea ice loss is investigated using the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) model for their important roles during climate change. Results show that the Gulf Stream (Kuroshio) weakens (strengthens) in response to Arctic sea ice loss via ocean (atmosphere) adjustments. More precisely, the Kuroshio acceleration is mainly due to the anomalous wind stress over the North Pacific, while the ocean gyre adjustments in the Atlantic are responsible for the weakened Gulf Stream. As positive buoyancy fluxes induced by Arctic sea ice loss trigger a slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the Gulf Stream decelerates evidently and the current speed decreases by about 5–8 cm/s in the upper ocean. Resulting from less advection and horizontal diffusion in the temperature budget, less poleward warm water leads to narrow sea surface cooling sandwiched between strong warming in the subpolar and subtropical Atlantic. Furthermore, colder surface decreases the upward heat flux (mainly latent heat flux) along the Gulf Stream Extension (GE) path, which leads to a warming hole in the atmosphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Pacific Atmosphere 13 4 514 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic sea ice loss subtropical western boundary currents AMOC air–sea interaction warming hole Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic sea ice loss subtropical western boundary currents AMOC air–sea interaction warming hole Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Kun Wang Linyue Wu Haiwen Liu Bo Dan Haijin Dai Clara Deser Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
topic_facet |
Arctic sea ice loss subtropical western boundary currents AMOC air–sea interaction warming hole Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
The impact on the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio from Arctic sea ice loss is investigated using the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) model for their important roles during climate change. Results show that the Gulf Stream (Kuroshio) weakens (strengthens) in response to Arctic sea ice loss via ocean (atmosphere) adjustments. More precisely, the Kuroshio acceleration is mainly due to the anomalous wind stress over the North Pacific, while the ocean gyre adjustments in the Atlantic are responsible for the weakened Gulf Stream. As positive buoyancy fluxes induced by Arctic sea ice loss trigger a slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the Gulf Stream decelerates evidently and the current speed decreases by about 5–8 cm/s in the upper ocean. Resulting from less advection and horizontal diffusion in the temperature budget, less poleward warm water leads to narrow sea surface cooling sandwiched between strong warming in the subpolar and subtropical Atlantic. Furthermore, colder surface decreases the upward heat flux (mainly latent heat flux) along the Gulf Stream Extension (GE) path, which leads to a warming hole in the atmosphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kun Wang Linyue Wu Haiwen Liu Bo Dan Haijin Dai Clara Deser |
author_facet |
Kun Wang Linyue Wu Haiwen Liu Bo Dan Haijin Dai Clara Deser |
author_sort |
Kun Wang |
title |
Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
title_short |
Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
title_full |
Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
title_fullStr |
Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contrary Responses of the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio to Arctic Sea Ice Loss |
title_sort |
contrary responses of the gulf stream and the kuroshio to arctic sea ice loss |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040514 https://doaj.org/article/87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
op_source |
Atmosphere, Vol 13, Iss 514, p 514 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/4/514 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos13040514 2073-4433 https://doaj.org/article/87ba9fa4fba949039e9345f62f8445b2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040514 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
514 |
_version_ |
1766311585561706496 |