Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate
Abstract Background Whether or not observed increases in malaria incidence in the Kenyan Highlands during the last thirty years are associated with co-varying changes in local temperature, possibly connected to global changes in climate, has been debated for over a decade. Studies, using differing d...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:870b35e0d8a84cdebcf804fc250f9757 2023-05-15T15:16:47+02:00 Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate Connor Stephen J Waweru Samuel M Lyon Bradfield Omumbo Judith A Thomson Madeleine C 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 https://doaj.org/article/870b35e0d8a84cdebcf804fc250f9757 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/12 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/870b35e0d8a84cdebcf804fc250f9757 Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 12 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 2022-12-31T01:21:38Z Abstract Background Whether or not observed increases in malaria incidence in the Kenyan Highlands during the last thirty years are associated with co-varying changes in local temperature, possibly connected to global changes in climate, has been debated for over a decade. Studies, using differing data sets and methodologies, produced conflicting results regarding the occurrence of temperature trends and their likelihood of being responsible, at least in part, for the increases in malaria incidence in the highlands of western Kenya. A time series of quality controlled daily temperature and rainfall data from Kericho, in the Kenyan Highlands, may help resolve the controversy. If significant temperature trends over the last three decades have occurred then climate should be included (along with other factors such as land use change and drug resistance) as a potential driver of the observed increases in malaria in the region. Methods Over 30 years (1 January 1979 to 31 December 2009) of quality controlled daily observations ( > 97% complete) of maximum, minimum and mean temperature were used in the analysis of trends at Kericho meteorological station, sited in a tea growing area of Kenya's western highlands. Inhomogeneities in all the time series were identified and corrected. Linear trends were identified via a least-squares regression analysis with statistical significance assessed using a two-tailed t-test. These 'gold standard' meteorological observations were compared with spatially interpolated temperature datasets that have been developed for regional or global applications. The relationship of local climate processes with larger climate variations, including tropical sea surface temperatures (SST), and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was also assessed. Results An upward trend of ≈0.2°C/decade was observed in all three temperature variables (P < 0.01). Mean temperature variations in Kericho were associated with large-scale climate variations including tropical SST (r = 0.50; p < 0.01). Local ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 10 1 12 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Connor Stephen J Waweru Samuel M Lyon Bradfield Omumbo Judith A Thomson Madeleine C Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Whether or not observed increases in malaria incidence in the Kenyan Highlands during the last thirty years are associated with co-varying changes in local temperature, possibly connected to global changes in climate, has been debated for over a decade. Studies, using differing data sets and methodologies, produced conflicting results regarding the occurrence of temperature trends and their likelihood of being responsible, at least in part, for the increases in malaria incidence in the highlands of western Kenya. A time series of quality controlled daily temperature and rainfall data from Kericho, in the Kenyan Highlands, may help resolve the controversy. If significant temperature trends over the last three decades have occurred then climate should be included (along with other factors such as land use change and drug resistance) as a potential driver of the observed increases in malaria in the region. Methods Over 30 years (1 January 1979 to 31 December 2009) of quality controlled daily observations ( > 97% complete) of maximum, minimum and mean temperature were used in the analysis of trends at Kericho meteorological station, sited in a tea growing area of Kenya's western highlands. Inhomogeneities in all the time series were identified and corrected. Linear trends were identified via a least-squares regression analysis with statistical significance assessed using a two-tailed t-test. These 'gold standard' meteorological observations were compared with spatially interpolated temperature datasets that have been developed for regional or global applications. The relationship of local climate processes with larger climate variations, including tropical sea surface temperatures (SST), and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was also assessed. Results An upward trend of ≈0.2°C/decade was observed in all three temperature variables (P < 0.01). Mean temperature variations in Kericho were associated with large-scale climate variations including tropical SST (r = 0.50; p < 0.01). Local ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Connor Stephen J Waweru Samuel M Lyon Bradfield Omumbo Judith A Thomson Madeleine C |
author_facet |
Connor Stephen J Waweru Samuel M Lyon Bradfield Omumbo Judith A Thomson Madeleine C |
author_sort |
Connor Stephen J |
title |
Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
title_short |
Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
title_full |
Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
title_fullStr |
Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Raised temperatures over the Kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the East African highlands malaria debate |
title_sort |
raised temperatures over the kericho tea estates: revisiting the climate in the east african highlands malaria debate |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 https://doaj.org/article/870b35e0d8a84cdebcf804fc250f9757 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 12 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/12 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/870b35e0d8a84cdebcf804fc250f9757 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-12 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
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10 |
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1 |
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12 |
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1766347079639105536 |