Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia.
Evaluating the potential involvement of wild avifauna in the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (hereafter H5N1) requires detailed analyses of temporal and spatial relationships between wild bird movements and disease emergence. The death of wild swans (Cygnus spp.) has been the fir...
Published in: | PLoS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2009
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 https://doaj.org/article/86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 2023-05-15T15:59:49+02:00 Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. Scott H Newman Samuel A Iverson John Y Takekawa Martin Gilbert Diann J Prosser Nyambyar Batbayar Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj David C Douglas 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 https://doaj.org/article/86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2684635?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 https://doaj.org/article/86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 PLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 5, p e5729 (2009) Medicine R Science Q article 2009 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 2022-12-30T21:59:59Z Evaluating the potential involvement of wild avifauna in the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (hereafter H5N1) requires detailed analyses of temporal and spatial relationships between wild bird movements and disease emergence. The death of wild swans (Cygnus spp.) has been the first indicator of the presence of H5N1 in various Asian and European countries; however their role in the geographic spread of the disease remains poorly understood. We marked 10 whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) with GPS transmitters in northeastern Mongolia during autumn 2006 and tracked their migratory movements in relation to H5N1 outbreaks. The prevalence of H5N1 outbreaks among poultry in eastern Asia during 2003-2007 peaked during winter, concurrent with whooper swan movements into regions of high poultry density. However outbreaks involving poultry were detected year round, indicating disease perpetuation independent of migratory waterbird presence. In contrast, H5N1 outbreaks involving whooper swans, as well as other migratory waterbirds that succumbed to the disease in eastern Asia, tended to occur during seasons (late spring and summer) and in habitats (areas of natural vegetation) where their potential for contact with poultry is very low to nonexistent. Given what is known about the susceptibility of swans to H5N1, and on the basis of the chronology and rates of whooper swan migration movements, we conclude that although there is broad spatial overlap between whooper swan distributions and H5N1 outbreak locations in eastern Asia, the likelihood of direct transmission between these groups is extremely low. Thus, our data support the hypothesis that swans are best viewed as sentinel species, and moreover, that in eastern Asia, it is most likely that their infections occurred through contact with asymptomatic migratory hosts (e.g., wild ducks) at or near their breeding grounds. Article in Journal/Newspaper Cygnus cygnus Whooper Swan Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles PLoS ONE 4 5 e5729 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Scott H Newman Samuel A Iverson John Y Takekawa Martin Gilbert Diann J Prosser Nyambyar Batbayar Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj David C Douglas Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Evaluating the potential involvement of wild avifauna in the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (hereafter H5N1) requires detailed analyses of temporal and spatial relationships between wild bird movements and disease emergence. The death of wild swans (Cygnus spp.) has been the first indicator of the presence of H5N1 in various Asian and European countries; however their role in the geographic spread of the disease remains poorly understood. We marked 10 whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) with GPS transmitters in northeastern Mongolia during autumn 2006 and tracked their migratory movements in relation to H5N1 outbreaks. The prevalence of H5N1 outbreaks among poultry in eastern Asia during 2003-2007 peaked during winter, concurrent with whooper swan movements into regions of high poultry density. However outbreaks involving poultry were detected year round, indicating disease perpetuation independent of migratory waterbird presence. In contrast, H5N1 outbreaks involving whooper swans, as well as other migratory waterbirds that succumbed to the disease in eastern Asia, tended to occur during seasons (late spring and summer) and in habitats (areas of natural vegetation) where their potential for contact with poultry is very low to nonexistent. Given what is known about the susceptibility of swans to H5N1, and on the basis of the chronology and rates of whooper swan migration movements, we conclude that although there is broad spatial overlap between whooper swan distributions and H5N1 outbreak locations in eastern Asia, the likelihood of direct transmission between these groups is extremely low. Thus, our data support the hypothesis that swans are best viewed as sentinel species, and moreover, that in eastern Asia, it is most likely that their infections occurred through contact with asymptomatic migratory hosts (e.g., wild ducks) at or near their breeding grounds. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Scott H Newman Samuel A Iverson John Y Takekawa Martin Gilbert Diann J Prosser Nyambyar Batbayar Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj David C Douglas |
author_facet |
Scott H Newman Samuel A Iverson John Y Takekawa Martin Gilbert Diann J Prosser Nyambyar Batbayar Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj David C Douglas |
author_sort |
Scott H Newman |
title |
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
title_short |
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
title_full |
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
title_fullStr |
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in eastern Asia. |
title_sort |
migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus in eastern asia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 https://doaj.org/article/86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 |
genre |
Cygnus cygnus Whooper Swan |
genre_facet |
Cygnus cygnus Whooper Swan |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 5, p e5729 (2009) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2684635?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 https://doaj.org/article/86d82d9a6b2148a7b8b00f22aa09abf6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005729 |
container_title |
PLoS ONE |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e5729 |
_version_ |
1766395731200966656 |