Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas
Bivalves are affected by various stressors, such as global warming and microplastics, in the marine environment. Microplastics are one of the most concerning pollutants worldwide, and high seawater temperatures caused by global warming influence the survival of marine organisms. However, little is k...
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Science Press, PR China
2024
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:85bcd656c911491dadac59fd94fc295f 2024-02-11T10:03:06+01:00 Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas Yunchao DU Jingying REN Jia TENG Jianmin ZHAO Tianyu ZHANG Qing WANG 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 https://doaj.org/article/85bcd656c911491dadac59fd94fc295f EN ZH eng chi Science Press, PR China http://journal.yykxjz.cn/yykxjz/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20230217001 https://doaj.org/toc/2095-9869 2095-9869 doi:10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 https://doaj.org/article/85bcd656c911491dadac59fd94fc295f Progress in Fishery Sciences, Vol 45, Iss 1, Pp 161-171 (2024) crassostrea gigas microplastics elevated temperature immune energy metabolism Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 2024-01-21T01:40:13Z Bivalves are affected by various stressors, such as global warming and microplastics, in the marine environment. Microplastics are one of the most concerning pollutants worldwide, and high seawater temperatures caused by global warming influence the survival of marine organisms. However, little is known about the combined effects of elevated temperature and microplastics (MPs) on marine organisms, and most studies conducted in recent years have investigated the two factors, respectively. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the combined effects of elevated temperature and MP exposure on marine life. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a widely distributed marine mollusk, and has very important economic value. The aim of the current study was to explore the toxic effects of elevated temperature and microplastic co-exposure on the hemocyte function, immune-related gene expression, and energy metabolism of C. gigas. In the current study, oysters were exposed to three levels of microplastics (no microplastics, 6 μm microplastics: SPS-MPs, and 50~60 μm microplastics: LPS-MPs) and two temperature levels (20 ℃ and 25 ℃) for 21 days, and the phagocytosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of hemocytes, glycogen content in digestive glands, and immune-related gene expression in digestive glands and gills were examined on the 21st day. 2', 7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and fluorescent microspheres were used to measure the ROS content and phagocytosis ratein hemocytes of C. gigas by flow cytometry, respectively. The glycogen content was measured using detection kits. Total RNA was isolated by TRIzol reagent, and the concentration was measured by Nanodrop. M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase was used for cDNA synthesis. The expressions of immune-related genes [inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), p53, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)] were examined by quantitative real-time PCR in the digestive glands and gills of oysters from each treatment group. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the interactive effects of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English Chinese |
topic |
crassostrea gigas microplastics elevated temperature immune energy metabolism Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 |
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crassostrea gigas microplastics elevated temperature immune energy metabolism Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Yunchao DU Jingying REN Jia TENG Jianmin ZHAO Tianyu ZHANG Qing WANG Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
topic_facet |
crassostrea gigas microplastics elevated temperature immune energy metabolism Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 |
description |
Bivalves are affected by various stressors, such as global warming and microplastics, in the marine environment. Microplastics are one of the most concerning pollutants worldwide, and high seawater temperatures caused by global warming influence the survival of marine organisms. However, little is known about the combined effects of elevated temperature and microplastics (MPs) on marine organisms, and most studies conducted in recent years have investigated the two factors, respectively. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the combined effects of elevated temperature and MP exposure on marine life. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a widely distributed marine mollusk, and has very important economic value. The aim of the current study was to explore the toxic effects of elevated temperature and microplastic co-exposure on the hemocyte function, immune-related gene expression, and energy metabolism of C. gigas. In the current study, oysters were exposed to three levels of microplastics (no microplastics, 6 μm microplastics: SPS-MPs, and 50~60 μm microplastics: LPS-MPs) and two temperature levels (20 ℃ and 25 ℃) for 21 days, and the phagocytosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of hemocytes, glycogen content in digestive glands, and immune-related gene expression in digestive glands and gills were examined on the 21st day. 2', 7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and fluorescent microspheres were used to measure the ROS content and phagocytosis ratein hemocytes of C. gigas by flow cytometry, respectively. The glycogen content was measured using detection kits. Total RNA was isolated by TRIzol reagent, and the concentration was measured by Nanodrop. M-MLV Reverse Transcriptase was used for cDNA synthesis. The expressions of immune-related genes [inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), p53, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)] were examined by quantitative real-time PCR in the digestive glands and gills of oysters from each treatment group. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the interactive effects of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yunchao DU Jingying REN Jia TENG Jianmin ZHAO Tianyu ZHANG Qing WANG |
author_facet |
Yunchao DU Jingying REN Jia TENG Jianmin ZHAO Tianyu ZHANG Qing WANG |
author_sort |
Yunchao DU |
title |
Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
title_short |
Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
title_full |
Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
title_fullStr |
Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Combined Effects of Elevated Temperature and Polystyrene Microplastics on Hemocyte Function, Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Energy Metabolism of Crassostrea gigas |
title_sort |
combined effects of elevated temperature and polystyrene microplastics on hemocyte function, immune-related gene expression, and energy metabolism of crassostrea gigas |
publisher |
Science Press, PR China |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 https://doaj.org/article/85bcd656c911491dadac59fd94fc295f |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Progress in Fishery Sciences, Vol 45, Iss 1, Pp 161-171 (2024) |
op_relation |
http://journal.yykxjz.cn/yykxjz/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20230217001 https://doaj.org/toc/2095-9869 2095-9869 doi:10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 https://doaj.org/article/85bcd656c911491dadac59fd94fc295f |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.19663/j.issn2095-9869.20230217001 |
_version_ |
1790599257071288320 |