High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control.
Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in the Philippines, China and Indonesia, and infects more than 40 mammalian host species, all of which can act as reservoirs of infection. In China, water buffaloes have been shown to be major reservoirs of human infection. However, in the Philippines, carabao have n...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:85b9c4b461b443ae8b36fcfa21e8dc66 2023-05-15T15:14:43+02:00 High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Darren J Gray Remigo M Olveda Blanca Jarilla Geoffrey N Gobert Allen G Ross Donald P McManus 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 https://doaj.org/article/85b9c4b461b443ae8b36fcfa21e8dc66 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3447974?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 https://doaj.org/article/85b9c4b461b443ae8b36fcfa21e8dc66 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e1778 (2012) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 2022-12-31T15:58:41Z Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in the Philippines, China and Indonesia, and infects more than 40 mammalian host species, all of which can act as reservoirs of infection. In China, water buffaloes have been shown to be major reservoirs of human infection. However, in the Philippines, carabao have not been considered important reservoir hosts for S. japonicum due to the low prevalence and infection intensities reported, the only exception being a qPCR-based study indicating 51% of carabao were S. japonicum-positive. However, the low prevalence found for the same animals when using conventional copro-parasitological techniques means that there is still confusion about the role of carabao in the transmission of schistosomiasis japonicum. To address this inconsistency, and to shed light on the potential role of carabao in the transmission of S. japonicum in the Philippines, we undertook a pilot survey, collecting fecal samples from animals in Western Samar Province and we used a combination of molecular and copro-parasitological techniques to determine the prevalence and intensity of S. japonicum. We found a high prevalence of S. japonicum in the carabao using a validated real-time PCR (qPCR) and a copro-parasitological tool, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation (FEA-SD) technique. A much lower prevalence of S. japonicum was recorded for the same fecal samples using conventional PCR, the Kato-Katz technique and miracidial hatching. These results suggest that, due to their low diagnostic sensitivity, traditional copro-parasitological techniques underestimate infection in carabao. The use of FEA-SD and qPCR provides a more accurate diagnosis. Based on these findings, the role of bovines in the transmission of S. japonicum appears to be more important in the Philippines than previously recognized, and this may have significant implications for the future control of schistosomiasis there, particularly as, in contrast with previous surveys, we found an unprecedented high prevalence of S. japonicum in humans. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 6 9 e1778 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Darren J Gray Remigo M Olveda Blanca Jarilla Geoffrey N Gobert Allen G Ross Donald P McManus High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Schistosoma japonicum is endemic in the Philippines, China and Indonesia, and infects more than 40 mammalian host species, all of which can act as reservoirs of infection. In China, water buffaloes have been shown to be major reservoirs of human infection. However, in the Philippines, carabao have not been considered important reservoir hosts for S. japonicum due to the low prevalence and infection intensities reported, the only exception being a qPCR-based study indicating 51% of carabao were S. japonicum-positive. However, the low prevalence found for the same animals when using conventional copro-parasitological techniques means that there is still confusion about the role of carabao in the transmission of schistosomiasis japonicum. To address this inconsistency, and to shed light on the potential role of carabao in the transmission of S. japonicum in the Philippines, we undertook a pilot survey, collecting fecal samples from animals in Western Samar Province and we used a combination of molecular and copro-parasitological techniques to determine the prevalence and intensity of S. japonicum. We found a high prevalence of S. japonicum in the carabao using a validated real-time PCR (qPCR) and a copro-parasitological tool, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation (FEA-SD) technique. A much lower prevalence of S. japonicum was recorded for the same fecal samples using conventional PCR, the Kato-Katz technique and miracidial hatching. These results suggest that, due to their low diagnostic sensitivity, traditional copro-parasitological techniques underestimate infection in carabao. The use of FEA-SD and qPCR provides a more accurate diagnosis. Based on these findings, the role of bovines in the transmission of S. japonicum appears to be more important in the Philippines than previously recognized, and this may have significant implications for the future control of schistosomiasis there, particularly as, in contrast with previous surveys, we found an unprecedented high prevalence of S. japonicum in humans. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Darren J Gray Remigo M Olveda Blanca Jarilla Geoffrey N Gobert Allen G Ross Donald P McManus |
author_facet |
Catherine A Gordon Luz P Acosta Darren J Gray Remigo M Olveda Blanca Jarilla Geoffrey N Gobert Allen G Ross Donald P McManus |
author_sort |
Catherine A Gordon |
title |
High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
title_short |
High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
title_full |
High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
title_fullStr |
High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
title_full_unstemmed |
High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Carabao from Samar Province, the Philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
title_sort |
high prevalence of schistosoma japonicum infection in carabao from samar province, the philippines: implications for transmission and control. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 https://doaj.org/article/85b9c4b461b443ae8b36fcfa21e8dc66 |
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Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 9, p e1778 (2012) |
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http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3447974?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 https://doaj.org/article/85b9c4b461b443ae8b36fcfa21e8dc66 |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001778 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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e1778 |
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