A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination.
Pancreas disease (PD) of Atlantic salmon is an emerging disease caused by Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) which mainly affects salmonid aquaculture in Western Europe. Although genome structure of SAV has been characterized and each individual viral protein has been identified, the role of 6K protein in vi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:850a027f987c4795a54dd8e7a60fe8ae 2023-05-15T15:32:43+02:00 A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. Tz-Chun Guo Daniel X Johansson Øyvind Haugland Peter Liljeström Øystein Evensen 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 https://doaj.org/article/850a027f987c4795a54dd8e7a60fe8ae EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4091863?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 https://doaj.org/article/850a027f987c4795a54dd8e7a60fe8ae PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e100184 (2014) Medicine R Science Q article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 2022-12-31T07:27:32Z Pancreas disease (PD) of Atlantic salmon is an emerging disease caused by Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) which mainly affects salmonid aquaculture in Western Europe. Although genome structure of SAV has been characterized and each individual viral protein has been identified, the role of 6K protein in viral replication and infectivity remains undefined. The 6K protein of alphaviruses is a small and hydrophobic protein which is involved in membrane permeabilization, protein processing and virus budding. Because these common features are shared across many viral species, they have been named viroporins. In the present study, we applied reverse genetics to generate SAV3 6K-deleted (Δ6K) variant and investigate the role of 6K protein. Our findings show that the 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable. Despite viral proteins of Δ6K variant are detected in the cytoplasm by immunostaining, they are not found on the cell surface. Further, analysis of viral proteins produced in Δ6K cDNA clone transfected cells using radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) and western blot showed a protein band of larger size than E2 of wild-type SAV3. When Δ6K cDNA was co-transfected with SAV3 helper cDNA encoding the whole structural genes including 6K, the infectivity was rescued. The development of CPE after co-transfection and resolved genome sequence of rescued virus confirmed full-length viral genome being generated through RNA recombination. The discovery of the important role of the 6K protein in virus production provides a new possibility for the development of antiviral intervention which is highly needed to control SAV infection in salmonids. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Sav’ ENVELOPE(156.400,156.400,68.817,68.817) PLoS ONE 9 7 e100184 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Tz-Chun Guo Daniel X Johansson Øyvind Haugland Peter Liljeström Øystein Evensen A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Pancreas disease (PD) of Atlantic salmon is an emerging disease caused by Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) which mainly affects salmonid aquaculture in Western Europe. Although genome structure of SAV has been characterized and each individual viral protein has been identified, the role of 6K protein in viral replication and infectivity remains undefined. The 6K protein of alphaviruses is a small and hydrophobic protein which is involved in membrane permeabilization, protein processing and virus budding. Because these common features are shared across many viral species, they have been named viroporins. In the present study, we applied reverse genetics to generate SAV3 6K-deleted (Δ6K) variant and investigate the role of 6K protein. Our findings show that the 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable. Despite viral proteins of Δ6K variant are detected in the cytoplasm by immunostaining, they are not found on the cell surface. Further, analysis of viral proteins produced in Δ6K cDNA clone transfected cells using radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) and western blot showed a protein band of larger size than E2 of wild-type SAV3. When Δ6K cDNA was co-transfected with SAV3 helper cDNA encoding the whole structural genes including 6K, the infectivity was rescued. The development of CPE after co-transfection and resolved genome sequence of rescued virus confirmed full-length viral genome being generated through RNA recombination. The discovery of the important role of the 6K protein in virus production provides a new possibility for the development of antiviral intervention which is highly needed to control SAV infection in salmonids. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tz-Chun Guo Daniel X Johansson Øyvind Haugland Peter Liljeström Øystein Evensen |
author_facet |
Tz-Chun Guo Daniel X Johansson Øyvind Haugland Peter Liljeström Øystein Evensen |
author_sort |
Tz-Chun Guo |
title |
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
title_short |
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
title_full |
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
title_fullStr |
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
title_full_unstemmed |
A 6K-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through RNA recombination. |
title_sort |
6k-deletion variant of salmonid alphavirus is non-viable but can be rescued through rna recombination. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 https://doaj.org/article/850a027f987c4795a54dd8e7a60fe8ae |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(156.400,156.400,68.817,68.817) |
geographic |
Sav’ |
geographic_facet |
Sav’ |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e100184 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4091863?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 https://doaj.org/article/850a027f987c4795a54dd8e7a60fe8ae |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100184 |
container_title |
PLoS ONE |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
e100184 |
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