Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018
Regulated by the rapid changes in temperature, mixing, and biological production during warm seasons, the surface carbonate system in the Bering Sea is subject to significant spatial-temporal variability. However, the seasonal evolution of the carbon cycle and its controls are less clear due to the...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 https://doaj.org/article/824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d 2023-06-11T04:03:38+02:00 Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 Wei Yang Yingxu Wu Wei-Jun Cai Zhangxian Ouyang Yanpei Zhuang Liqi Chen Di Qi 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 https://doaj.org/article/824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 https://doaj.org/article/824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) Bering Sea partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) spatial variability temporal dynamics air-sea CO2 flux controlling processes Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 2023-05-07T00:35:22Z Regulated by the rapid changes in temperature, mixing, and biological production during warm seasons, the surface carbonate system in the Bering Sea is subject to significant spatial-temporal variability. However, the seasonal evolution of the carbon cycle and its controls are less clear due to the lack of observations. Here, we present the carbonate data collected during a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 across the Bering Sea. For both voyages, we show distinct dissolved inorganic carbon versus total alkalinity (DIC-TA) relationships and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) distribution patterns in the Southern Basin (54-57°N), the Northern Basin (57-59°N), the Slope (59-61°N), the Shelf (61-64°N), and the Bering Strait (>64°N). In the Southern Basin, the Northern Basin, and the Slope, surface water was a two end-member mixing of Rainwater and Bering Summer Water (BSW) during the forward voyage and a two end-member mixing of North Pacific Surface Water (NPSW) and BSW during the return voyage. As a result, the observed DIC was almost consistent with the conservative mixing line, with a slight DIC addition/removal of -8.6~5.8 µmol kg-1, suggesting low biological production/respiration during both voyages. Seasonally, the higher factions of NPSW featuring low pCO2 during the return voyage dominated the pCO2 drawdown from July to September in the Southern Basin and the Slope. On the Shelf, the surface water was a two end-member mixing of plume water from the Anadyr River and BSW during both voyages, but the decreased DIC consumption via biological production from 59.9 ± 25.8 µmol kg-1 to 34.8 ± 14.0 µmol kg-1 contributed to the pCO2 increase from July to September. In the Bering Strait, the coastal area was characterized by the influence of plume water from the Anadyr River in July and the coastal upwelling in September. The high biological production in plume water made a strong CO2 sink during the forward voyage, while the upwelling of carbon-enriched subsurface water with minor DIC ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Anadyr Anadyr' Bering Sea Bering Strait Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Anadyr ENVELOPE(177.510,177.510,64.734,64.734) Anadyr River ENVELOPE(177.924,177.924,64.489,64.489) Anadyr’ ENVELOPE(176.233,176.233,64.882,64.882) Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Bering Sea partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) spatial variability temporal dynamics air-sea CO2 flux controlling processes Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
Bering Sea partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) spatial variability temporal dynamics air-sea CO2 flux controlling processes Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Wei Yang Yingxu Wu Wei-Jun Cai Zhangxian Ouyang Yanpei Zhuang Liqi Chen Di Qi Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
topic_facet |
Bering Sea partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) spatial variability temporal dynamics air-sea CO2 flux controlling processes Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Regulated by the rapid changes in temperature, mixing, and biological production during warm seasons, the surface carbonate system in the Bering Sea is subject to significant spatial-temporal variability. However, the seasonal evolution of the carbon cycle and its controls are less clear due to the lack of observations. Here, we present the carbonate data collected during a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 across the Bering Sea. For both voyages, we show distinct dissolved inorganic carbon versus total alkalinity (DIC-TA) relationships and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) distribution patterns in the Southern Basin (54-57°N), the Northern Basin (57-59°N), the Slope (59-61°N), the Shelf (61-64°N), and the Bering Strait (>64°N). In the Southern Basin, the Northern Basin, and the Slope, surface water was a two end-member mixing of Rainwater and Bering Summer Water (BSW) during the forward voyage and a two end-member mixing of North Pacific Surface Water (NPSW) and BSW during the return voyage. As a result, the observed DIC was almost consistent with the conservative mixing line, with a slight DIC addition/removal of -8.6~5.8 µmol kg-1, suggesting low biological production/respiration during both voyages. Seasonally, the higher factions of NPSW featuring low pCO2 during the return voyage dominated the pCO2 drawdown from July to September in the Southern Basin and the Slope. On the Shelf, the surface water was a two end-member mixing of plume water from the Anadyr River and BSW during both voyages, but the decreased DIC consumption via biological production from 59.9 ± 25.8 µmol kg-1 to 34.8 ± 14.0 µmol kg-1 contributed to the pCO2 increase from July to September. In the Bering Strait, the coastal area was characterized by the influence of plume water from the Anadyr River in July and the coastal upwelling in September. The high biological production in plume water made a strong CO2 sink during the forward voyage, while the upwelling of carbon-enriched subsurface water with minor DIC ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wei Yang Yingxu Wu Wei-Jun Cai Zhangxian Ouyang Yanpei Zhuang Liqi Chen Di Qi |
author_facet |
Wei Yang Yingxu Wu Wei-Jun Cai Zhangxian Ouyang Yanpei Zhuang Liqi Chen Di Qi |
author_sort |
Wei Yang |
title |
Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
title_short |
Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
title_full |
Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
title_fullStr |
Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the Bering Sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in July and a return voyage in September 2018 |
title_sort |
rapid changes in the surface carbonate system under complex mixing schemes across the bering sea: a comparative study of a forward voyage in july and a return voyage in september 2018 |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 https://doaj.org/article/824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(177.510,177.510,64.734,64.734) ENVELOPE(177.924,177.924,64.489,64.489) ENVELOPE(176.233,176.233,64.882,64.882) |
geographic |
Anadyr Anadyr River Anadyr’ Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Anadyr Anadyr River Anadyr’ Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific |
genre |
Anadyr Anadyr' Bering Sea Bering Strait |
genre_facet |
Anadyr Anadyr' Bering Sea Bering Strait |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 https://doaj.org/article/824655a34cd64842a6318f06b0184f5d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1107646 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
10 |
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1768380773989089280 |