A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone
Carbon budgets for the polar oceans require better constraint on air–sea gas exchange in the sea ice zone (SIZ). Here, we utilize advances in the theory of turbulence, mixing and air–sea flux in the ice–ocean boundary layer (IOBL) to formulate a simple model for gas exchange when the surface ocean i...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:80b3ceb44bb543d183d361fe0371b2e0 2023-05-15T15:13:16+02:00 A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone B. Loose W. R. McGillis D. Perovich C. J. Zappa P. Schlosser 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-17-2014 https://doaj.org/article/80b3ceb44bb543d183d361fe0371b2e0 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.ocean-sci.net/10/17/2014/os-10-17-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0784 https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0792 1812-0784 1812-0792 doi:10.5194/os-10-17-2014 https://doaj.org/article/80b3ceb44bb543d183d361fe0371b2e0 Ocean Science, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 17-28 (2014) Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-17-2014 2022-12-31T16:00:08Z Carbon budgets for the polar oceans require better constraint on air–sea gas exchange in the sea ice zone (SIZ). Here, we utilize advances in the theory of turbulence, mixing and air–sea flux in the ice–ocean boundary layer (IOBL) to formulate a simple model for gas exchange when the surface ocean is partially covered by sea ice. The gas transfer velocity ( k ) is related to shear-driven and convection-driven turbulence in the aqueous mass boundary layer, and to the mean-squared wave slope at the air–sea interface. We use the model to estimate k along the drift track of ice-tethered profilers (ITPs) in the Arctic. Individual estimates of daily-averaged k from ITP drifts ranged between 1.1 and 22 m d −1 , and the fraction of open water ( f ) ranged from 0 to 0.83. Converted to area-weighted effective transfer velocities ( k eff ), the minimum value of k eff was 10 −5 5 m d −1 near f = 0 with values exceeding k eff = 5 m d −1 at f = 0.4. The model indicates that effects from shear and convection in the sea ice zone contribute an additional 40% to the magnitude of k eff , beyond what would be predicted from an estimate of k eff based solely upon a wind speed parameterization. Although the ultimate scaling relationship for gas exchange in the sea ice zone will require validation in laboratory and field studies, the basic parameter model described here demonstrates that it is feasible to formulate estimates of k based upon properties of the IOBL using data sources that presently exist. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Ocean Science 10 1 17 28 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 B. Loose W. R. McGillis D. Perovich C. J. Zappa P. Schlosser A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
topic_facet |
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation G Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
Carbon budgets for the polar oceans require better constraint on air–sea gas exchange in the sea ice zone (SIZ). Here, we utilize advances in the theory of turbulence, mixing and air–sea flux in the ice–ocean boundary layer (IOBL) to formulate a simple model for gas exchange when the surface ocean is partially covered by sea ice. The gas transfer velocity ( k ) is related to shear-driven and convection-driven turbulence in the aqueous mass boundary layer, and to the mean-squared wave slope at the air–sea interface. We use the model to estimate k along the drift track of ice-tethered profilers (ITPs) in the Arctic. Individual estimates of daily-averaged k from ITP drifts ranged between 1.1 and 22 m d −1 , and the fraction of open water ( f ) ranged from 0 to 0.83. Converted to area-weighted effective transfer velocities ( k eff ), the minimum value of k eff was 10 −5 5 m d −1 near f = 0 with values exceeding k eff = 5 m d −1 at f = 0.4. The model indicates that effects from shear and convection in the sea ice zone contribute an additional 40% to the magnitude of k eff , beyond what would be predicted from an estimate of k eff based solely upon a wind speed parameterization. Although the ultimate scaling relationship for gas exchange in the sea ice zone will require validation in laboratory and field studies, the basic parameter model described here demonstrates that it is feasible to formulate estimates of k based upon properties of the IOBL using data sources that presently exist. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
B. Loose W. R. McGillis D. Perovich C. J. Zappa P. Schlosser |
author_facet |
B. Loose W. R. McGillis D. Perovich C. J. Zappa P. Schlosser |
author_sort |
B. Loose |
title |
A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
title_short |
A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
title_full |
A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
title_fullStr |
A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
title_full_unstemmed |
A parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
title_sort |
parameter model of gas exchange for the seasonal sea ice zone |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-17-2014 https://doaj.org/article/80b3ceb44bb543d183d361fe0371b2e0 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
Ocean Science, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 17-28 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://www.ocean-sci.net/10/17/2014/os-10-17-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0784 https://doaj.org/toc/1812-0792 1812-0784 1812-0792 doi:10.5194/os-10-17-2014 https://doaj.org/article/80b3ceb44bb543d183d361fe0371b2e0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-10-17-2014 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
17 |
op_container_end_page |
28 |
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1766343848252932096 |