Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug
Botulinum toxin is the most potent toxin known. It is readily absorbed from mucosal surfaces. If dispersed as an aerosol or mixed in the food or water it can lead to a large outbreak of botulism. The disease presents as a symmetric descending paralysis in an afebrile patient. Cranial nerve involveme...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 https://doaj.org/article/8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 2023-05-15T15:05:41+02:00 Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug J. Bali R. Thakur 2005-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 https://doaj.org/article/8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400003 https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 doi:10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 1678-9199 https://doaj.org/article/8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 412-421 (2005) Botulinum toxin mechanism of action botulism therapeutics Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2005 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 2023-01-08T01:30:10Z Botulinum toxin is the most potent toxin known. It is readily absorbed from mucosal surfaces. If dispersed as an aerosol or mixed in the food or water it can lead to a large outbreak of botulism. The disease presents as a symmetric descending paralysis in an afebrile patient. Cranial nerve involvement with diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dysphagia and respiratory paralysis is seen after a variable incubation period. The treatment is mainly supportive. The source of the toxin is Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming organism. Some other species of Clostridium like C. butyricum and C. baratii also produce the toxin. The toxin is heat labile and can be inactivated by heating at 100°C for 10 minutes. The toxin acts at the peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junctions, postganglionic parasympathetic ganglia, etc, and affects neurotransmitter release by inhibiting exocytosis. Clinical uses in various medical fields were found for it. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 11 4 412 421 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Botulinum toxin mechanism of action botulism therapeutics Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Botulinum toxin mechanism of action botulism therapeutics Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 J. Bali R. Thakur Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
topic_facet |
Botulinum toxin mechanism of action botulism therapeutics Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Botulinum toxin is the most potent toxin known. It is readily absorbed from mucosal surfaces. If dispersed as an aerosol or mixed in the food or water it can lead to a large outbreak of botulism. The disease presents as a symmetric descending paralysis in an afebrile patient. Cranial nerve involvement with diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dysphagia and respiratory paralysis is seen after a variable incubation period. The treatment is mainly supportive. The source of the toxin is Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming organism. Some other species of Clostridium like C. butyricum and C. baratii also produce the toxin. The toxin is heat labile and can be inactivated by heating at 100°C for 10 minutes. The toxin acts at the peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junctions, postganglionic parasympathetic ganglia, etc, and affects neurotransmitter release by inhibiting exocytosis. Clinical uses in various medical fields were found for it. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Bali R. Thakur |
author_facet |
J. Bali R. Thakur |
author_sort |
J. Bali |
title |
Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
title_short |
Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
title_full |
Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
title_fullStr |
Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
title_full_unstemmed |
Poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
title_sort |
poison as cure: a clinical review of botulinum toxin as an invaluable drug |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 https://doaj.org/article/8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 412-421 (2005) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400003 https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 doi:10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 1678-9199 https://doaj.org/article/8064061a76334569939defb56c904219 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992005000400003 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
412 |
op_container_end_page |
421 |
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