Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle
The UN Sustainable Development Goal 12, regarding responsible production and consumption of raw materials, guides ongoing international efforts to enhance sustainability in all parts of the mineral sector. Of particular interest, is improving the recyclability of secondary waste streams and thereby...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:800efe3c67994ce1a8e4f60484b64500 2023-05-15T16:30:00+02:00 Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle Rune Clausen Per Kalvig Jonas Nedenskov 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 https://doaj.org/article/800efe3c67994ce1a8e4f60484b64500 EN eng Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 https://doaj.org/toc/1904-4666 doi:10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 1904-4666 https://doaj.org/article/800efe3c67994ce1a8e4f60484b64500 Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, Vol 43, p e2019430303 (2019) sustainability recycling mineral resources Geology QE1-996.5 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 2022-12-31T11:58:00Z The UN Sustainable Development Goal 12, regarding responsible production and consumption of raw materials, guides ongoing international efforts to enhance sustainability in all parts of the mineral sector. Of particular interest, is improving the recyclability of secondary waste streams and thereby increasing the efficiency of recycling end-of-life products. Municipal solid waste – residual waste from household and industry – constitutes one of these secondary streams. It is typically incinerated in waste-to-energy plants producing two types of waste streams that carry a raw material resource potential: incinerator bottom ash (IBA) and incinerator fly ash (IFA). IBA is of particular interest in the recycling industry, where it is commonly recycled to produce three main fractions: (i) ferrous material, (ii) non-ferrous material, and (iii) residual slag. In most cases the two metal fractions are separated further downstream in the value chain, prior to smelting. The residual, non-magnetic fraction (typically 0–45 mm) is used mainly as construction aggregate. Improvements in the efficiency of existing separation technologies are still being made, but less effort is focussed on characterising the fundamental composition and mineral resource potential of IBA. For this reason, the Urban-X project was launched by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) to characterise the composition and resource potential of various waste streams at Amager Bakke waste-to-energy plant in Copenhagen, Denmark. This paper discusses some of the main outcomes of the Urban-X project with respect to IBA, and a full analysis of all waste streams analysed at Amager Bakke is available in Clausen et al. 2019. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Greenland Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 43 e2019430303 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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sustainability recycling mineral resources Geology QE1-996.5 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
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sustainability recycling mineral resources Geology QE1-996.5 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 Rune Clausen Per Kalvig Jonas Nedenskov Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
topic_facet |
sustainability recycling mineral resources Geology QE1-996.5 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
description |
The UN Sustainable Development Goal 12, regarding responsible production and consumption of raw materials, guides ongoing international efforts to enhance sustainability in all parts of the mineral sector. Of particular interest, is improving the recyclability of secondary waste streams and thereby increasing the efficiency of recycling end-of-life products. Municipal solid waste – residual waste from household and industry – constitutes one of these secondary streams. It is typically incinerated in waste-to-energy plants producing two types of waste streams that carry a raw material resource potential: incinerator bottom ash (IBA) and incinerator fly ash (IFA). IBA is of particular interest in the recycling industry, where it is commonly recycled to produce three main fractions: (i) ferrous material, (ii) non-ferrous material, and (iii) residual slag. In most cases the two metal fractions are separated further downstream in the value chain, prior to smelting. The residual, non-magnetic fraction (typically 0–45 mm) is used mainly as construction aggregate. Improvements in the efficiency of existing separation technologies are still being made, but less effort is focussed on characterising the fundamental composition and mineral resource potential of IBA. For this reason, the Urban-X project was launched by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) to characterise the composition and resource potential of various waste streams at Amager Bakke waste-to-energy plant in Copenhagen, Denmark. This paper discusses some of the main outcomes of the Urban-X project with respect to IBA, and a full analysis of all waste streams analysed at Amager Bakke is available in Clausen et al. 2019. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rune Clausen Per Kalvig Jonas Nedenskov |
author_facet |
Rune Clausen Per Kalvig Jonas Nedenskov |
author_sort |
Rune Clausen |
title |
Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
title_short |
Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
title_full |
Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
title_fullStr |
Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a Danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
title_sort |
characterisation of incinerator bottom ash from a danish waste-to-energy plant: a step towards closing the material cycle |
publisher |
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 https://doaj.org/article/800efe3c67994ce1a8e4f60484b64500 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin |
genre_facet |
Greenland Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin |
op_source |
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin, Vol 43, p e2019430303 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 https://doaj.org/toc/1904-4666 doi:10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 1904-4666 https://doaj.org/article/800efe3c67994ce1a8e4f60484b64500 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.34194/GEUSB-201943-03-03 |
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Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin |
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43 |
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e2019430303 |
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1766019707750580224 |