Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica
We present a synthesis of the trace element chemistry in melt on the surface Canada Glacier, Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica (~78°S). The MDV is largely ice-free. Low accumulation rates, strong winds, and proximity to the valley floor make these glaciers dusty in comparison to t...
Published in: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00031 https://doaj.org/article/7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 2023-05-15T13:44:56+02:00 Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica Sarah K. Fortner W. Berry Lyons 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00031 https://doaj.org/article/7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/feart.2018.00031/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 2296-6463 doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00031 https://doaj.org/article/7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 6 (2018) trace elements cryoconite holes supraglacial streams Antarctica glacier melt chemistry Science Q article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00031 2022-12-31T03:38:25Z We present a synthesis of the trace element chemistry in melt on the surface Canada Glacier, Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica (~78°S). The MDV is largely ice-free. Low accumulation rates, strong winds, and proximity to the valley floor make these glaciers dusty in comparison to their inland counterparts. This study examines both supraglacial melt streams and cryoconite holes. Supraglacial streams on the lower Canada Glacier have median dissolved (<0.4 μm) concentrations of Fe, Mn, As, Cu, and V of 71.5, 75.5, 3.7, 4.6, and 4.3 nM. All dissolved Cd concentrations and the vast majority of Pb values are below our analytical detection (i.e., 0.4 and 0.06 nM). Chemical behavior did not follow similar trends for eastern and western draining waters. Heterogeneity likely reflects distinctions eolian deposition, rock:water ratios, and hydrologic connectivity. Future increases in wind-delivered sediment will likely drive dynamic responses in melt chemistry. For elements above detection limits, dissolved concentrations in glacier surface melt are within an order of magnitude of concentrations observed in proglacial streams (i.e., flowing on the valley floor). The Fe enrichment of cryoconite water relative to N, P, or Si exceeds enrichment observed in marine phytoplankton. This suggests that the glacier surface is an important source of Fe to downstream ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Canada Glacier glacier* McMurdo Dry Valleys Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles McMurdo Dry Valleys Canada Taylor Valley ENVELOPE(163.000,163.000,-77.617,-77.617) Canada Glacier ENVELOPE(162.983,162.983,-77.617,-77.617) Glacier Taylor ENVELOPE(162.167,162.167,-77.733,-77.733) Frontiers in Earth Science 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
trace elements cryoconite holes supraglacial streams Antarctica glacier melt chemistry Science Q |
spellingShingle |
trace elements cryoconite holes supraglacial streams Antarctica glacier melt chemistry Science Q Sarah K. Fortner W. Berry Lyons Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
trace elements cryoconite holes supraglacial streams Antarctica glacier melt chemistry Science Q |
description |
We present a synthesis of the trace element chemistry in melt on the surface Canada Glacier, Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica (~78°S). The MDV is largely ice-free. Low accumulation rates, strong winds, and proximity to the valley floor make these glaciers dusty in comparison to their inland counterparts. This study examines both supraglacial melt streams and cryoconite holes. Supraglacial streams on the lower Canada Glacier have median dissolved (<0.4 μm) concentrations of Fe, Mn, As, Cu, and V of 71.5, 75.5, 3.7, 4.6, and 4.3 nM. All dissolved Cd concentrations and the vast majority of Pb values are below our analytical detection (i.e., 0.4 and 0.06 nM). Chemical behavior did not follow similar trends for eastern and western draining waters. Heterogeneity likely reflects distinctions eolian deposition, rock:water ratios, and hydrologic connectivity. Future increases in wind-delivered sediment will likely drive dynamic responses in melt chemistry. For elements above detection limits, dissolved concentrations in glacier surface melt are within an order of magnitude of concentrations observed in proglacial streams (i.e., flowing on the valley floor). The Fe enrichment of cryoconite water relative to N, P, or Si exceeds enrichment observed in marine phytoplankton. This suggests that the glacier surface is an important source of Fe to downstream ecosystems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarah K. Fortner W. Berry Lyons |
author_facet |
Sarah K. Fortner W. Berry Lyons |
author_sort |
Sarah K. Fortner |
title |
Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
title_short |
Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
title_full |
Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dissolved Trace and Minor Elements in Cryoconite Holes and Supraglacial Streams, Canada Glacier, Antarctica |
title_sort |
dissolved trace and minor elements in cryoconite holes and supraglacial streams, canada glacier, antarctica |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00031 https://doaj.org/article/7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(163.000,163.000,-77.617,-77.617) ENVELOPE(162.983,162.983,-77.617,-77.617) ENVELOPE(162.167,162.167,-77.733,-77.733) |
geographic |
McMurdo Dry Valleys Canada Taylor Valley Canada Glacier Glacier Taylor |
geographic_facet |
McMurdo Dry Valleys Canada Taylor Valley Canada Glacier Glacier Taylor |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Canada Glacier glacier* McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Canada Glacier glacier* McMurdo Dry Valleys |
op_source |
Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol 6 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/feart.2018.00031/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-6463 2296-6463 doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00031 https://doaj.org/article/7ef8b52d10f74c748db122a97f0ec867 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00031 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766208678193528832 |