When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps
Abstract The ongoing expansion of wolf (Canis lupus) populations in Europe has led to a growing demand for up‐to‐date abundance estimates. Non‐invasive genetic sampling (NGS) is now widely used to monitor wolves, as it allows individual identification and abundance estimation without physically capt...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7dcec91c00184de9b10b964b2d3a2fb3 2024-09-30T14:33:37+00:00 When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps M. V. Boiani P. Dupont R. Bischof C. Milleret O. Friard M. Geary E. Avanzinelli A. vonHardenberg F. Marucco 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/article/7dcec91c00184de9b10b964b2d3a2fb3 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/article/7dcec91c00184de9b10b964b2d3a2fb3 Ecology and Evolution, Vol 14, Iss 8, Pp n/a-n/a (2024) adaptive management large carnivore large scale monitoring long‐term monitoring monitoring optimisation non‐invasive sampling Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 2024-09-02T15:34:37Z Abstract The ongoing expansion of wolf (Canis lupus) populations in Europe has led to a growing demand for up‐to‐date abundance estimates. Non‐invasive genetic sampling (NGS) is now widely used to monitor wolves, as it allows individual identification and abundance estimation without physically capturing individuals. However, NGS is resource‐intensive, partly due to the elusive behaviour and wide distribution of wolves, as well as the cost of DNA analyses. Optimisation of sampling strategies is therefore a requirement for the long‐term sustainability of wolf monitoring programs. Using data from the 2020–2021 Italian Alpine wolf monitoring, we investigate how (i) reducing the number of samples genotyped, (ii) reducing the number of transects, and (iii) reducing the number of repetitions of each search transect impacted spatial capture‐recapture population size estimates. Our study revealed that a 25% reduction in the number of transects or, alternatively, a 50% reduction in the maximum number of repetitions yielded abundance estimates comparable to those obtained using the entire dataset. These modifications would result in a 2046 km reduction in total transect length and 19,628 km reduction in total distance searched. Further reducing the number of transects resulted in up to 15% lower and up to 17% less precise abundance estimates. Reducing only the number of genotyped samples led to higher (5%) and less precise (20%) abundance estimates. Randomly subsampling genotyped samples reduced the number of detections per individual, whereas subsampling search transects resulted in a less pronounced decrease in both the total number of detections and individuals detected. Our work shows how it is possible to optimise wolf monitoring by reducing search effort while maintaining the quality of abundance estimates, by adopting a modelling framework that uses a first survey dataset. We further provide general guidelines on how to optimise sampling effort when using spatial capture‐recapture in large‐scale monitoring ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Ecology and Evolution 14 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
adaptive management large carnivore large scale monitoring long‐term monitoring monitoring optimisation non‐invasive sampling Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
adaptive management large carnivore large scale monitoring long‐term monitoring monitoring optimisation non‐invasive sampling Ecology QH540-549.5 M. V. Boiani P. Dupont R. Bischof C. Milleret O. Friard M. Geary E. Avanzinelli A. vonHardenberg F. Marucco When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
topic_facet |
adaptive management large carnivore large scale monitoring long‐term monitoring monitoring optimisation non‐invasive sampling Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract The ongoing expansion of wolf (Canis lupus) populations in Europe has led to a growing demand for up‐to‐date abundance estimates. Non‐invasive genetic sampling (NGS) is now widely used to monitor wolves, as it allows individual identification and abundance estimation without physically capturing individuals. However, NGS is resource‐intensive, partly due to the elusive behaviour and wide distribution of wolves, as well as the cost of DNA analyses. Optimisation of sampling strategies is therefore a requirement for the long‐term sustainability of wolf monitoring programs. Using data from the 2020–2021 Italian Alpine wolf monitoring, we investigate how (i) reducing the number of samples genotyped, (ii) reducing the number of transects, and (iii) reducing the number of repetitions of each search transect impacted spatial capture‐recapture population size estimates. Our study revealed that a 25% reduction in the number of transects or, alternatively, a 50% reduction in the maximum number of repetitions yielded abundance estimates comparable to those obtained using the entire dataset. These modifications would result in a 2046 km reduction in total transect length and 19,628 km reduction in total distance searched. Further reducing the number of transects resulted in up to 15% lower and up to 17% less precise abundance estimates. Reducing only the number of genotyped samples led to higher (5%) and less precise (20%) abundance estimates. Randomly subsampling genotyped samples reduced the number of detections per individual, whereas subsampling search transects resulted in a less pronounced decrease in both the total number of detections and individuals detected. Our work shows how it is possible to optimise wolf monitoring by reducing search effort while maintaining the quality of abundance estimates, by adopting a modelling framework that uses a first survey dataset. We further provide general guidelines on how to optimise sampling effort when using spatial capture‐recapture in large‐scale monitoring ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. V. Boiani P. Dupont R. Bischof C. Milleret O. Friard M. Geary E. Avanzinelli A. vonHardenberg F. Marucco |
author_facet |
M. V. Boiani P. Dupont R. Bischof C. Milleret O. Friard M. Geary E. Avanzinelli A. vonHardenberg F. Marucco |
author_sort |
M. V. Boiani |
title |
When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
title_short |
When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
title_full |
When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
title_fullStr |
When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
title_full_unstemmed |
When enough is enough: Optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps |
title_sort |
when enough is enough: optimising monitoring effort for large‐scale wolf population size estimation in the italian alps |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/article/7dcec91c00184de9b10b964b2d3a2fb3 |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 14, Iss 8, Pp n/a-n/a (2024) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.70204 https://doaj.org/article/7dcec91c00184de9b10b964b2d3a2fb3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70204 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
8 |
_version_ |
1811637455038709760 |