A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection
Abstract Background Although long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most effective tool for preventing malaria parasite transmission, the nets have some limitations. For example, the increase of LLIN use has induced the rapid expansion of mosquito insecticide resistance. More than two person...
Published in: | Tropical Medicine and Health |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x https://doaj.org/article/7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 2023-05-15T15:17:59+02:00 A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection Noboru Minakawa James O. Kongere George O. Sonye Peter A. Lutiali Beatrice Awuor Hitoshi Kawada Rie Isozumi Kyoko Futami 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x https://doaj.org/article/7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 48, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020) Malaria LLIN PBO Ceiling Study design RCT Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x 2022-12-31T04:47:20Z Abstract Background Although long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most effective tool for preventing malaria parasite transmission, the nets have some limitations. For example, the increase of LLIN use has induced the rapid expansion of mosquito insecticide resistance. More than two persons often share one net, which increases the infection risk. To overcome these problems, two new mosquito nets were developed, one incorporating piperonyl butoxide and another covering ceilings and open eaves. We designed a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) to evaluate these nets based on the information provided in the present preliminary study. Results Nearly 75% of the anopheline population in the study area in western Kenya was Anopheles gambiae s. l., and the remaining was Anopheles funestus s. l. More female anophelines were recorded in the western part of the study area. The number of anophelines increased with rainfall. We planned to have 80% power to detect a 50% reduction in female anophelines between the control group and each intervention group. The between-cluster coefficient of variance was 0.192. As the number of clusters was limited to 4 due to the size of the study area, the estimated cluster size was 7 spray catches with an alpha of 0.05. Of 1619 children tested, 626 (48%) were Plasmodium falciparum positive using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). The prevalence was higher in the northwestern part of the study area. The number of children who slept under bed nets was 929 (71%). The P. falciparum RDT-positive prevalence (RDTpfPR) of net users was 45%, and that of non-users was 55% (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.56, 0.95). Using 45% RDTpfPR of net users, we expected each intervention to reduce prevalence by 50%. The intracluster correlation coefficient was 0.053. With 80% power and an alpha of 0.05, the estimated cluster size was 116 children. Based on the distribution of children, we modified the boundaries of the clusters and established 300-m buffer zones along the boundaries to minimize a spillover effect. ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tropical Medicine and Health 48 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Malaria LLIN PBO Ceiling Study design RCT Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
spellingShingle |
Malaria LLIN PBO Ceiling Study design RCT Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Noboru Minakawa James O. Kongere George O. Sonye Peter A. Lutiali Beatrice Awuor Hitoshi Kawada Rie Isozumi Kyoko Futami A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
topic_facet |
Malaria LLIN PBO Ceiling Study design RCT Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Abstract Background Although long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most effective tool for preventing malaria parasite transmission, the nets have some limitations. For example, the increase of LLIN use has induced the rapid expansion of mosquito insecticide resistance. More than two persons often share one net, which increases the infection risk. To overcome these problems, two new mosquito nets were developed, one incorporating piperonyl butoxide and another covering ceilings and open eaves. We designed a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) to evaluate these nets based on the information provided in the present preliminary study. Results Nearly 75% of the anopheline population in the study area in western Kenya was Anopheles gambiae s. l., and the remaining was Anopheles funestus s. l. More female anophelines were recorded in the western part of the study area. The number of anophelines increased with rainfall. We planned to have 80% power to detect a 50% reduction in female anophelines between the control group and each intervention group. The between-cluster coefficient of variance was 0.192. As the number of clusters was limited to 4 due to the size of the study area, the estimated cluster size was 7 spray catches with an alpha of 0.05. Of 1619 children tested, 626 (48%) were Plasmodium falciparum positive using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). The prevalence was higher in the northwestern part of the study area. The number of children who slept under bed nets was 929 (71%). The P. falciparum RDT-positive prevalence (RDTpfPR) of net users was 45%, and that of non-users was 55% (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.56, 0.95). Using 45% RDTpfPR of net users, we expected each intervention to reduce prevalence by 50%. The intracluster correlation coefficient was 0.053. With 80% power and an alpha of 0.05, the estimated cluster size was 116 children. Based on the distribution of children, we modified the boundaries of the clusters and established 300-m buffer zones along the boundaries to minimize a spillover effect. ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Noboru Minakawa James O. Kongere George O. Sonye Peter A. Lutiali Beatrice Awuor Hitoshi Kawada Rie Isozumi Kyoko Futami |
author_facet |
Noboru Minakawa James O. Kongere George O. Sonye Peter A. Lutiali Beatrice Awuor Hitoshi Kawada Rie Isozumi Kyoko Futami |
author_sort |
Noboru Minakawa |
title |
A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
title_short |
A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
title_full |
A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
title_fullStr |
A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
title_full_unstemmed |
A preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
title_sort |
preliminary study on designing a cluster randomized control trial of two new mosquito nets to prevent malaria parasite infection |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x https://doaj.org/article/7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 48, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/7db6e426f66e4e2eb740904a0c23f3b0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00276-x |
container_title |
Tropical Medicine and Health |
container_volume |
48 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766348222703337472 |