Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands
Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with ca...
Published in: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 https://doaj.org/article/7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d 2023-05-15T13:54:11+02:00 Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands Anuruddha Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Ruvishika S. Jayawardena Chandrika Nanayakkara Suhail Asad Jianchu Xu Kevin D. Hyde Samantha C. Karunarathna Steven L. Stephenson Saisamorn Lumyong Jaturong Kumla 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 https://doaj.org/article/7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087/full https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 2235-2988 doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 https://doaj.org/article/7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021) Ascomycetes foliar diseases graminicolous fungi grassland ecology human and plant disease phytopathogens Microbiology QR1-502 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 2022-12-31T12:30:14Z Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with canopies dominated by grasses and grass-like plants. Grasslands have a cosmopolitan distribution except for the Antarctic region. Fungal interactions with grasses can be pathogenic or symbiotic. Herbivorous mammals, insects, other grassland animals, and fungal pathogens are known to play important roles in maintaining the biomass and biodiversity of grasslands. Although most pathogenicity studies on the members of Poaceae have been focused on economically important crops, the plant-fungal pathogenic interactions involved can extend to the full range of ecological circumstances that exist in nature. Hence, it is important to delineate the fungal pathogen communities and their interactions in man-made monoculture systems and highly diverse natural ecosystems. A better understanding of the key fungal players can be achieved by combining modern techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) together with studies involving classic phytopathology, taxonomy, and phylogeny. It is of utmost importance to develop experimental designs that account for the ecological complexity of the relationships between grasses and fungi, both above and below ground. In grasslands, loss in species diversity increases interactions such as herbivory, mutualism, predation or infectious disease transmission. Host species density and the presence of heterospecific host species, also affect the disease dynamics in grasslands. Many studies have shown that lower species diversity increases the severity as well as the transmission rate of fungal diseases. Moreover, communities that were once highly diverse but have experienced decreased species richness and dominancy have also shown higher pathogenicity load due to the relaxed competition, although ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ascomycetes foliar diseases graminicolous fungi grassland ecology human and plant disease phytopathogens Microbiology QR1-502 |
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Ascomycetes foliar diseases graminicolous fungi grassland ecology human and plant disease phytopathogens Microbiology QR1-502 Anuruddha Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Ruvishika S. Jayawardena Chandrika Nanayakkara Suhail Asad Jianchu Xu Kevin D. Hyde Samantha C. Karunarathna Steven L. Stephenson Saisamorn Lumyong Jaturong Kumla Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
topic_facet |
Ascomycetes foliar diseases graminicolous fungi grassland ecology human and plant disease phytopathogens Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Grasslands are major primary producers and function as major components of important watersheds. Although a concise definition of grasslands cannot be given using a physiognomic or structural approach, grasslands can be described as vegetation communities experiencing periodical droughts and with canopies dominated by grasses and grass-like plants. Grasslands have a cosmopolitan distribution except for the Antarctic region. Fungal interactions with grasses can be pathogenic or symbiotic. Herbivorous mammals, insects, other grassland animals, and fungal pathogens are known to play important roles in maintaining the biomass and biodiversity of grasslands. Although most pathogenicity studies on the members of Poaceae have been focused on economically important crops, the plant-fungal pathogenic interactions involved can extend to the full range of ecological circumstances that exist in nature. Hence, it is important to delineate the fungal pathogen communities and their interactions in man-made monoculture systems and highly diverse natural ecosystems. A better understanding of the key fungal players can be achieved by combining modern techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) together with studies involving classic phytopathology, taxonomy, and phylogeny. It is of utmost importance to develop experimental designs that account for the ecological complexity of the relationships between grasses and fungi, both above and below ground. In grasslands, loss in species diversity increases interactions such as herbivory, mutualism, predation or infectious disease transmission. Host species density and the presence of heterospecific host species, also affect the disease dynamics in grasslands. Many studies have shown that lower species diversity increases the severity as well as the transmission rate of fungal diseases. Moreover, communities that were once highly diverse but have experienced decreased species richness and dominancy have also shown higher pathogenicity load due to the relaxed competition, although ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Anuruddha Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Ruvishika S. Jayawardena Chandrika Nanayakkara Suhail Asad Jianchu Xu Kevin D. Hyde Samantha C. Karunarathna Steven L. Stephenson Saisamorn Lumyong Jaturong Kumla |
author_facet |
Anuruddha Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Ruvishika S. Jayawardena Chandrika Nanayakkara Suhail Asad Jianchu Xu Kevin D. Hyde Samantha C. Karunarathna Steven L. Stephenson Saisamorn Lumyong Jaturong Kumla |
author_sort |
Anuruddha Karunarathna |
title |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_short |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_full |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_fullStr |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fungal Pathogens in Grasslands |
title_sort |
fungal pathogens in grasslands |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 https://doaj.org/article/7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087/full https://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988 2235-2988 doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 https://doaj.org/article/7d1ce71661014af6a187038976e8d95d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.695087 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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11 |
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1766259876048142336 |