Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector.
With the global distribution, morbidity, and mortality associated with tick and louse-borne relapsing fever spirochetes, it is important to understand the dynamics of vector colonization by the bacteria and transmission to the host. Tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes are blood-borne pathogens tr...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7d1295c247d84be29042a4649e9dbcd4 2023-05-15T15:16:29+02:00 Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. William K Boyle Hannah K Wilder Amanda M Lawrence Job E Lopez 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 https://doaj.org/article/7d1295c247d84be29042a4649e9dbcd4 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3974661?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 https://doaj.org/article/7d1295c247d84be29042a4649e9dbcd4 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e2767 (2014) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 2022-12-30T21:58:07Z With the global distribution, morbidity, and mortality associated with tick and louse-borne relapsing fever spirochetes, it is important to understand the dynamics of vector colonization by the bacteria and transmission to the host. Tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes are blood-borne pathogens transmitted through the saliva of soft ticks, yet little is known about the transmission capability of these pathogens during the relatively short bloodmeal. This study was therefore initiated to understand the transmission dynamics of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae from the vector Ornithodoros turicata, and the subsequent dissemination of the bacteria upon entry into murine blood.To determine the minimum number of ticks required to transmit spirochetes, one to three infected O. turicata were allowed to feed to repletion on individual mice. Murine infection and dissemination of the spirochetes was evaluated by dark field microscopy of blood, quantitative PCR, and immunoblotting against B. turicatae protein lysates and a recombinant antigen, the Borrelia immunogenic protein A. Transmission frequencies were also determined by interrupting the bloodmeal 15 seconds after tick attachment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on infected salivary glands to detect spirochetes within acini lumen and excretory ducts. Furthermore, spirochete colonization and dissemination from the bite site was investigated by feeding infected O. turicata on the ears of mice, removing the attachment site after engorment, and evaluating murine infection.Our findings demonstrated that three ticks provided a sufficient infectious dose to infect nearly all animals, and B. turicatae was transmitted within seconds of tick attachment. Spirochetes were also detected in acini lumen of salivary glands by SEM. Upon host entry, B. turicatae did not require colonization of the bite site to establish murine infection. These results suggest that once B. turicatae colonizes the salivary glands the spirochetes are preadapted for ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 4 e2767 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 William K Boyle Hannah K Wilder Amanda M Lawrence Job E Lopez Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
With the global distribution, morbidity, and mortality associated with tick and louse-borne relapsing fever spirochetes, it is important to understand the dynamics of vector colonization by the bacteria and transmission to the host. Tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes are blood-borne pathogens transmitted through the saliva of soft ticks, yet little is known about the transmission capability of these pathogens during the relatively short bloodmeal. This study was therefore initiated to understand the transmission dynamics of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae from the vector Ornithodoros turicata, and the subsequent dissemination of the bacteria upon entry into murine blood.To determine the minimum number of ticks required to transmit spirochetes, one to three infected O. turicata were allowed to feed to repletion on individual mice. Murine infection and dissemination of the spirochetes was evaluated by dark field microscopy of blood, quantitative PCR, and immunoblotting against B. turicatae protein lysates and a recombinant antigen, the Borrelia immunogenic protein A. Transmission frequencies were also determined by interrupting the bloodmeal 15 seconds after tick attachment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on infected salivary glands to detect spirochetes within acini lumen and excretory ducts. Furthermore, spirochete colonization and dissemination from the bite site was investigated by feeding infected O. turicata on the ears of mice, removing the attachment site after engorment, and evaluating murine infection.Our findings demonstrated that three ticks provided a sufficient infectious dose to infect nearly all animals, and B. turicatae was transmitted within seconds of tick attachment. Spirochetes were also detected in acini lumen of salivary glands by SEM. Upon host entry, B. turicatae did not require colonization of the bite site to establish murine infection. These results suggest that once B. turicatae colonizes the salivary glands the spirochetes are preadapted for ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
William K Boyle Hannah K Wilder Amanda M Lawrence Job E Lopez |
author_facet |
William K Boyle Hannah K Wilder Amanda M Lawrence Job E Lopez |
author_sort |
William K Boyle |
title |
Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
title_short |
Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
title_full |
Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
title_fullStr |
Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
title_sort |
transmission dynamics of borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 https://doaj.org/article/7d1295c247d84be29042a4649e9dbcd4 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e2767 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3974661?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 https://doaj.org/article/7d1295c247d84be29042a4649e9dbcd4 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002767 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
e2767 |
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