Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla
Pollution is one of the main causes of the loss of biodiversity, currently one of the most important environmental problems. Important sources of aquatic pollution are illicit drugs, whose presence in waters is closely related to human consumption; their psychoactive properties and biological activi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7cf39f2d4ccb4684bf4e10d1373c4806 2023-05-15T13:26:51+02:00 Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla Mayana Karoline Fontes Luigi Rosati Mariana Di Lorenzo Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira Luciane Alves Maranho Vincenza Laforgia Anna Capaldo 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141766 https://doaj.org/article/7cf39f2d4ccb4684bf4e10d1373c4806 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/14/1766 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 doi:10.3390/ani12141766 2076-2615 https://doaj.org/article/7cf39f2d4ccb4684bf4e10d1373c4806 Animals, Vol 12, Iss 1766, p 1766 (2022) Anguilla anguilla cocaine gonadotropins ovary oogenesis enzymes Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141766 2022-12-31T02:19:48Z Pollution is one of the main causes of the loss of biodiversity, currently one of the most important environmental problems. Important sources of aquatic pollution are illicit drugs, whose presence in waters is closely related to human consumption; their psychoactive properties and biological activity suggest potential adverse effects on non-target organisms, such as aquatic biota. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an environmentally relevant concentration of cocaine (20 ng L −1 ), an illicit drug widely found in surface waters, on the ovaries of Anguilla anguilla , a species critically endangered and able to accumulate cocaine in its tissues following chronic exposure. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) the morphology of the ovaries; (2) the presence and distribution of enzymes involved in oogenesis; (3) serum cortisol, FSH, and LH levels. The eels exposed to cocaine showed a smaller follicular area and a higher percentage of connective tissue than controls ( p < 0.05), as well as many previtellogenic oocytes compared with controls having numerous fully vitellogenic and early vitellogenic oocytes. In addition, the presence and location of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and P450 aromatase differed in the two groups. Finally, cocaine exposure decreased FSH and LH levels, while it increased cortisol levels. These findings show that even a low environmental concentration of cocaine affects the ovarian morphology and activity of A. anguilla , suggesting a potential impact on reproduction in this species. Article in Journal/Newspaper Anguilla anguilla Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Animals 12 14 1766 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Anguilla anguilla cocaine gonadotropins ovary oogenesis enzymes Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 |
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Anguilla anguilla cocaine gonadotropins ovary oogenesis enzymes Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Mayana Karoline Fontes Luigi Rosati Mariana Di Lorenzo Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira Luciane Alves Maranho Vincenza Laforgia Anna Capaldo Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
topic_facet |
Anguilla anguilla cocaine gonadotropins ovary oogenesis enzymes Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Pollution is one of the main causes of the loss of biodiversity, currently one of the most important environmental problems. Important sources of aquatic pollution are illicit drugs, whose presence in waters is closely related to human consumption; their psychoactive properties and biological activity suggest potential adverse effects on non-target organisms, such as aquatic biota. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an environmentally relevant concentration of cocaine (20 ng L −1 ), an illicit drug widely found in surface waters, on the ovaries of Anguilla anguilla , a species critically endangered and able to accumulate cocaine in its tissues following chronic exposure. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) the morphology of the ovaries; (2) the presence and distribution of enzymes involved in oogenesis; (3) serum cortisol, FSH, and LH levels. The eels exposed to cocaine showed a smaller follicular area and a higher percentage of connective tissue than controls ( p < 0.05), as well as many previtellogenic oocytes compared with controls having numerous fully vitellogenic and early vitellogenic oocytes. In addition, the presence and location of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and P450 aromatase differed in the two groups. Finally, cocaine exposure decreased FSH and LH levels, while it increased cortisol levels. These findings show that even a low environmental concentration of cocaine affects the ovarian morphology and activity of A. anguilla , suggesting a potential impact on reproduction in this species. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mayana Karoline Fontes Luigi Rosati Mariana Di Lorenzo Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira Luciane Alves Maranho Vincenza Laforgia Anna Capaldo |
author_facet |
Mayana Karoline Fontes Luigi Rosati Mariana Di Lorenzo Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira Luciane Alves Maranho Vincenza Laforgia Anna Capaldo |
author_sort |
Mayana Karoline Fontes |
title |
Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
title_short |
Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
title_full |
Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
title_fullStr |
Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aquatic Pollution and Risks to Biodiversity: The Example of Cocaine Effects on the Ovaries of Anguilla anguilla |
title_sort |
aquatic pollution and risks to biodiversity: the example of cocaine effects on the ovaries of anguilla anguilla |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141766 https://doaj.org/article/7cf39f2d4ccb4684bf4e10d1373c4806 |
genre |
Anguilla anguilla |
genre_facet |
Anguilla anguilla |
op_source |
Animals, Vol 12, Iss 1766, p 1766 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/14/1766 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615 doi:10.3390/ani12141766 2076-2615 https://doaj.org/article/7cf39f2d4ccb4684bf4e10d1373c4806 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12141766 |
container_title |
Animals |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
1766 |
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1766394927080538112 |