The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate
Mass-balance measurements of Icelandic glaciers are sparse through the 20th century. However, the large archive of stereo images available allows estimates of glacier-wide mass balance ($\dot{B}$) in decadal time steps since 1945. Combined with climate records, they provide further insight into glac...
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Cambridge University Press
2019
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7cdaf82c4bcf4e6cbc00c51f707b7304 2023-05-15T16:09:33+02:00 The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate JOAQUÍN M. C. BELART EYJÓLFUR MAGNÚSSON ETIENNE BERTHIER FINNUR PÁLSSON GUðFINNA AÐALGEIRSDÓTTIR TÓMAS JÓHANNESSON 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.16 https://doaj.org/article/7cdaf82c4bcf4e6cbc00c51f707b7304 EN eng Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143019000169/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2019.16 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/7cdaf82c4bcf4e6cbc00c51f707b7304 Journal of Glaciology, Vol 65, Pp 395-409 (2019) geodetic mass balance glacier–climate relationship remote sensing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.16 2023-03-12T01:30:57Z Mass-balance measurements of Icelandic glaciers are sparse through the 20th century. However, the large archive of stereo images available allows estimates of glacier-wide mass balance ($\dot{B}$) in decadal time steps since 1945. Combined with climate records, they provide further insight into glacier–climate relationship. This study presents a workflow to process aerial photographs (1945–1995), spy satellite imagery (1977–1980) and modern satellite stereo images (since 2000) using photogrammetric techniques and robust statistics in a highly automated, open-source pipeline to retrieve seasonally corrected, decadal glacier-wide geodetic mass balances. In our test area, Eyjafjallajökull (S-Iceland, ~70 km2), we obtain a mass balance of $<![CDATA[ $ \dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1945}^{\curr 2014} \curr = -0.27 \pm 0.03\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm. \curr e}{\rm.} {\rm \curr a}^{{\rm \ndash \curr 1}}$, with a maximum and minimum of $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1984}^{\curr 1989} \curr = 0.77 \curr \pm 0.19\,{\rm \curr m\ \curr w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm\curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$ and $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1994}^{\curr 1998}\curr = -1.94 \curr \pm 0.34\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm \curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$, respectively, attributed to climatic forcing, and $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 2009}^{\curr 2010} \curr = -3.39{\rm \;} \curr \pm {\rm \;} \curr 0.43\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm\curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$, mostly caused by the April 2010 eruption. The reference-surface mass balances correlate with summer temperature and winter precipitation, and linear regression accounts for 80% of the mass-balance variability, yielding a static sensitivity of mass balance to summer temperature and winter precipitation of − 2.1 ± 0.4 m w.e.a–1K–1 and 0.5 ± 0.3 m w.e.a–1 (10%)–1, respectively. This study serves as a template that can be used to estimate the mass-balance changes and glaciers' response to climate. Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull glacier Ice cap Iceland Journal of Glaciology Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Glaciology 65 251 395 409 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
geodetic mass balance glacier–climate relationship remote sensing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
geodetic mass balance glacier–climate relationship remote sensing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 JOAQUÍN M. C. BELART EYJÓLFUR MAGNÚSSON ETIENNE BERTHIER FINNUR PÁLSSON GUðFINNA AÐALGEIRSDÓTTIR TÓMAS JÓHANNESSON The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
topic_facet |
geodetic mass balance glacier–climate relationship remote sensing Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
Mass-balance measurements of Icelandic glaciers are sparse through the 20th century. However, the large archive of stereo images available allows estimates of glacier-wide mass balance ($\dot{B}$) in decadal time steps since 1945. Combined with climate records, they provide further insight into glacier–climate relationship. This study presents a workflow to process aerial photographs (1945–1995), spy satellite imagery (1977–1980) and modern satellite stereo images (since 2000) using photogrammetric techniques and robust statistics in a highly automated, open-source pipeline to retrieve seasonally corrected, decadal glacier-wide geodetic mass balances. In our test area, Eyjafjallajökull (S-Iceland, ~70 km2), we obtain a mass balance of $<![CDATA[ $ \dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1945}^{\curr 2014} \curr = -0.27 \pm 0.03\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm. \curr e}{\rm.} {\rm \curr a}^{{\rm \ndash \curr 1}}$, with a maximum and minimum of $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1984}^{\curr 1989} \curr = 0.77 \curr \pm 0.19\,{\rm \curr m\ \curr w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm\curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$ and $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 1994}^{\curr 1998}\curr = -1.94 \curr \pm 0.34\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm \curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$, respectively, attributed to climatic forcing, and $\dot{\curr B}_{\curr 2009}^{\curr 2010} \curr = -3.39{\rm \;} \curr \pm {\rm \;} \curr 0.43\,{\rm \curr m\ w}{\rm\curr . e}{\rm\curr .} {\rm\curr a}^{{\rm\curr \ndash 1}}$, mostly caused by the April 2010 eruption. The reference-surface mass balances correlate with summer temperature and winter precipitation, and linear regression accounts for 80% of the mass-balance variability, yielding a static sensitivity of mass balance to summer temperature and winter precipitation of − 2.1 ± 0.4 m w.e.a–1K–1 and 0.5 ± 0.3 m w.e.a–1 (10%)–1, respectively. This study serves as a template that can be used to estimate the mass-balance changes and glaciers' response to climate. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
JOAQUÍN M. C. BELART EYJÓLFUR MAGNÚSSON ETIENNE BERTHIER FINNUR PÁLSSON GUðFINNA AÐALGEIRSDÓTTIR TÓMAS JÓHANNESSON |
author_facet |
JOAQUÍN M. C. BELART EYJÓLFUR MAGNÚSSON ETIENNE BERTHIER FINNUR PÁLSSON GUðFINNA AÐALGEIRSDÓTTIR TÓMAS JÓHANNESSON |
author_sort |
JOAQUÍN M. C. BELART |
title |
The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
title_short |
The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
title_full |
The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
title_fullStr |
The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
The geodetic mass balance of Eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
title_sort |
geodetic mass balance of eyjafjallajökull ice cap for 1945–2014: processing guidelines and relation to climate |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.16 https://doaj.org/article/7cdaf82c4bcf4e6cbc00c51f707b7304 |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull glacier Ice cap Iceland Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull glacier Ice cap Iceland Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology, Vol 65, Pp 395-409 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143019000169/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2019.16 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/7cdaf82c4bcf4e6cbc00c51f707b7304 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.16 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
65 |
container_issue |
251 |
container_start_page |
395 |
op_container_end_page |
409 |
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1766405419449712640 |