Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere
Persistent cold temperatures, a paucity of nutrients, freeze-thaw cycles, and the strongly seasonal light regime make Antarctica one of Earth’s least hospitable surface environments for complex life. Cyanobacteria, however, are well-adapted to such conditions and are often the dominant primary produ...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 https://doaj.org/article/7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 2023-05-15T14:01:58+02:00 Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere Thomas W. Evans Maria J. Kalambokidis Anne D. Jungblut Jasmin L. Millar Thorsten Bauersachs Hendrik Grotheer Tyler J. Mackey Ian Hawes Roger E. Summons 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 https://doaj.org/article/7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 https://doaj.org/article/7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 13 (2022) cyanobacteria Antarctica intact polar lipid heterocyte glycolipids bacteriohopanepolyol microbial mats Microbiology QR1-502 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 2022-12-31T01:58:27Z Persistent cold temperatures, a paucity of nutrients, freeze-thaw cycles, and the strongly seasonal light regime make Antarctica one of Earth’s least hospitable surface environments for complex life. Cyanobacteria, however, are well-adapted to such conditions and are often the dominant primary producers in Antarctic inland water environments. In particular, the network of meltwater ponds on the ‘dirty ice’ of the McMurdo Ice Shelf is an ecosystem with extensive cyanobacteria-dominated microbial mat accumulations. This study investigated intact polar lipids (IPLs), heterocyte glycolipids (HGs), and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) in combination with 16S and 18S rRNA gene diversity in microbial mats of twelve ponds in this unique polar ecosystem. To constrain the effects of nutrient availability, temperature and freeze-thaw cycles on the lipid membrane composition, lipids were compared to stromatolite-forming cyanobacterial mats from ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys as well as from (sub)tropical regions and hot springs. The 16S rRNA gene compositions of the McMurdo Ice Shelf mats confirm the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria while the 18S rRNA gene composition indicates the presence of Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta, Ciliophora, and other microfauna. IPL analyses revealed a predominantly bacterial community in the meltwater ponds, with archaeal lipids being barely detectable. IPLs are dominated by glycolipids and phospholipids, followed by aminolipids. The high abundance of sugar-bound lipids accords with a predominance of cyanobacterial primary producers. The phosphate-limited samples from the (sub)tropical, hot spring, and Lake Vanda sites revealed a higher abundance of aminolipids compared to those of the nitrogen-limited meltwater ponds, affirming the direct affects that N and P availability have on IPL compositions. The high abundance of polyunsaturated IPLs in the Antarctic microbial mats suggests that these lipids provide an important mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity in cold ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Dry Valleys McMurdo Ice Shelf Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Vanda ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-77.533,-77.533) McMurdo Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) Lake Vanda ENVELOPE(161.600,161.600,-77.517,-77.517) Frontiers in Microbiology 13 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
cyanobacteria Antarctica intact polar lipid heterocyte glycolipids bacteriohopanepolyol microbial mats Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
cyanobacteria Antarctica intact polar lipid heterocyte glycolipids bacteriohopanepolyol microbial mats Microbiology QR1-502 Thomas W. Evans Maria J. Kalambokidis Anne D. Jungblut Jasmin L. Millar Thorsten Bauersachs Hendrik Grotheer Tyler J. Mackey Ian Hawes Roger E. Summons Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
topic_facet |
cyanobacteria Antarctica intact polar lipid heterocyte glycolipids bacteriohopanepolyol microbial mats Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Persistent cold temperatures, a paucity of nutrients, freeze-thaw cycles, and the strongly seasonal light regime make Antarctica one of Earth’s least hospitable surface environments for complex life. Cyanobacteria, however, are well-adapted to such conditions and are often the dominant primary producers in Antarctic inland water environments. In particular, the network of meltwater ponds on the ‘dirty ice’ of the McMurdo Ice Shelf is an ecosystem with extensive cyanobacteria-dominated microbial mat accumulations. This study investigated intact polar lipids (IPLs), heterocyte glycolipids (HGs), and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs) in combination with 16S and 18S rRNA gene diversity in microbial mats of twelve ponds in this unique polar ecosystem. To constrain the effects of nutrient availability, temperature and freeze-thaw cycles on the lipid membrane composition, lipids were compared to stromatolite-forming cyanobacterial mats from ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys as well as from (sub)tropical regions and hot springs. The 16S rRNA gene compositions of the McMurdo Ice Shelf mats confirm the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria while the 18S rRNA gene composition indicates the presence of Ochrophyta, Chlorophyta, Ciliophora, and other microfauna. IPL analyses revealed a predominantly bacterial community in the meltwater ponds, with archaeal lipids being barely detectable. IPLs are dominated by glycolipids and phospholipids, followed by aminolipids. The high abundance of sugar-bound lipids accords with a predominance of cyanobacterial primary producers. The phosphate-limited samples from the (sub)tropical, hot spring, and Lake Vanda sites revealed a higher abundance of aminolipids compared to those of the nitrogen-limited meltwater ponds, affirming the direct affects that N and P availability have on IPL compositions. The high abundance of polyunsaturated IPLs in the Antarctic microbial mats suggests that these lipids provide an important mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity in cold ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thomas W. Evans Maria J. Kalambokidis Anne D. Jungblut Jasmin L. Millar Thorsten Bauersachs Hendrik Grotheer Tyler J. Mackey Ian Hawes Roger E. Summons |
author_facet |
Thomas W. Evans Maria J. Kalambokidis Anne D. Jungblut Jasmin L. Millar Thorsten Bauersachs Hendrik Grotheer Tyler J. Mackey Ian Hawes Roger E. Summons |
author_sort |
Thomas W. Evans |
title |
Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
title_short |
Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
title_full |
Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
title_fullStr |
Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipid Biomarkers From Microbial Mats on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica: Signatures for Life in the Cryosphere |
title_sort |
lipid biomarkers from microbial mats on the mcmurdo ice shelf, antarctica: signatures for life in the cryosphere |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 https://doaj.org/article/7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-77.533,-77.533) ENVELOPE(166.500,166.500,-78.000,-78.000) ENVELOPE(161.600,161.600,-77.517,-77.517) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Vanda McMurdo Ice Shelf Lake Vanda |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Vanda McMurdo Ice Shelf Lake Vanda |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Dry Valleys McMurdo Ice Shelf |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf McMurdo Dry Valleys McMurdo Ice Shelf |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 13 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 https://doaj.org/article/7b32342c24a24c10bb199c81ca566837 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.903621 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
13 |
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1766272037152620544 |