Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network
Abstract Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and unpredictable ways and analysis of these changes requires coordinated, long‐term research. This paper is a product of a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation funded Long‐Term Ecological Research (LTER) networ...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7a7b79ed6eb44d48aaab9b9c4c640216 2023-05-15T13:46:46+02:00 Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network Christie A. Bahlai Clarisse Hart Maria T. Kavanaugh Jeffrey D. White Roger W. Ruess Todd J. Brinkman Hugh W. Ducklow David R. Foster William R. Fraser Hélène Genet Peter M. Groffman Stephen K. Hamilton Jill F. Johnstone Knut Kielland Douglas A. Landis Michelle C. Mack Orlando Sarnelle Jonathan R. Thompson 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/article/7a7b79ed6eb44d48aaab9b9c4c640216 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/toc/2150-8925 2150-8925 doi:10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/article/7a7b79ed6eb44d48aaab9b9c4c640216 Ecosphere, Vol 12, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) agriculture Antarctica boreal forest fire forests lady bugs Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 2022-12-31T08:00:32Z Abstract Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and unpredictable ways and analysis of these changes requires coordinated, long‐term research. This paper is a product of a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation funded Long‐Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the LTER core research area of “populations and communities.” This analysis revealed that each LTER site had at least one compelling “story” about what their site would look like in 50–100 yr. As the stories were prepared, themes emerged, and the stories were group into papers along five themes: state change, connectivity, resilience, time lags, and cascading effects. This paper addresses the cascading effects theme and includes stories from the Bonanza Creek (boreal), Kellogg Biological Station (agricultural and freshwater), Palmer (Antarctica), and Harvard Forest (temperate forest) LTER sites. We define cascading effects very broadly to include a wide array of unforeseen chains of events that result from a variety of actions or changes in a system. While climate change is having important direct effects on boreal forests, indirect effects mediated by fire activity—severity, size, and return interval—have large cascading effects over the long term. In northeastern temperate forests, legacies of human management and disturbance affect the composition of current forests, which creates a cascade of effects that interact with the climate‐facilitated invasion of an exotic pest. In Antarctica, declining sea ice creates a cascade of effects including declines in Adèlie and increases in Gentoo penguins, changes in phytoplankton, and consequent changes in zooplankton populations. An invasion of an exotic species of lady beetle is likely to have important future effects on pest control and conservation of native species in agricultural landscapes. New studies of zebra mussels, a well‐studied invader, have established links between climate, the heat tolerance of the mussels, and harmful algal blooms. Collectively, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Bonanza ENVELOPE(-119.820,-119.820,55.917,55.917) Ecosphere 12 5 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
agriculture Antarctica boreal forest fire forests lady bugs Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
agriculture Antarctica boreal forest fire forests lady bugs Ecology QH540-549.5 Christie A. Bahlai Clarisse Hart Maria T. Kavanaugh Jeffrey D. White Roger W. Ruess Todd J. Brinkman Hugh W. Ducklow David R. Foster William R. Fraser Hélène Genet Peter M. Groffman Stephen K. Hamilton Jill F. Johnstone Knut Kielland Douglas A. Landis Michelle C. Mack Orlando Sarnelle Jonathan R. Thompson Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
topic_facet |
agriculture Antarctica boreal forest fire forests lady bugs Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Ecosystems across the United States are changing in complex and unpredictable ways and analysis of these changes requires coordinated, long‐term research. This paper is a product of a synthesis effort of the U.S. National Science Foundation funded Long‐Term Ecological Research (LTER) network addressing the LTER core research area of “populations and communities.” This analysis revealed that each LTER site had at least one compelling “story” about what their site would look like in 50–100 yr. As the stories were prepared, themes emerged, and the stories were group into papers along five themes: state change, connectivity, resilience, time lags, and cascading effects. This paper addresses the cascading effects theme and includes stories from the Bonanza Creek (boreal), Kellogg Biological Station (agricultural and freshwater), Palmer (Antarctica), and Harvard Forest (temperate forest) LTER sites. We define cascading effects very broadly to include a wide array of unforeseen chains of events that result from a variety of actions or changes in a system. While climate change is having important direct effects on boreal forests, indirect effects mediated by fire activity—severity, size, and return interval—have large cascading effects over the long term. In northeastern temperate forests, legacies of human management and disturbance affect the composition of current forests, which creates a cascade of effects that interact with the climate‐facilitated invasion of an exotic pest. In Antarctica, declining sea ice creates a cascade of effects including declines in Adèlie and increases in Gentoo penguins, changes in phytoplankton, and consequent changes in zooplankton populations. An invasion of an exotic species of lady beetle is likely to have important future effects on pest control and conservation of native species in agricultural landscapes. New studies of zebra mussels, a well‐studied invader, have established links between climate, the heat tolerance of the mussels, and harmful algal blooms. Collectively, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Christie A. Bahlai Clarisse Hart Maria T. Kavanaugh Jeffrey D. White Roger W. Ruess Todd J. Brinkman Hugh W. Ducklow David R. Foster William R. Fraser Hélène Genet Peter M. Groffman Stephen K. Hamilton Jill F. Johnstone Knut Kielland Douglas A. Landis Michelle C. Mack Orlando Sarnelle Jonathan R. Thompson |
author_facet |
Christie A. Bahlai Clarisse Hart Maria T. Kavanaugh Jeffrey D. White Roger W. Ruess Todd J. Brinkman Hugh W. Ducklow David R. Foster William R. Fraser Hélène Genet Peter M. Groffman Stephen K. Hamilton Jill F. Johnstone Knut Kielland Douglas A. Landis Michelle C. Mack Orlando Sarnelle Jonathan R. Thompson |
author_sort |
Christie A. Bahlai |
title |
Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
title_short |
Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
title_full |
Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
title_fullStr |
Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cascading effects: insights from the U.S. Long Term Ecological Research Network |
title_sort |
cascading effects: insights from the u.s. long term ecological research network |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/article/7a7b79ed6eb44d48aaab9b9c4c640216 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-119.820,-119.820,55.917,55.917) |
geographic |
Bonanza |
geographic_facet |
Bonanza |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Sea ice |
op_source |
Ecosphere, Vol 12, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/toc/2150-8925 2150-8925 doi:10.1002/ecs2.3430 https://doaj.org/article/7a7b79ed6eb44d48aaab9b9c4c640216 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3430 |
container_title |
Ecosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
5 |
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1766245182353702912 |