Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar
Abstract Background Gametocytes are the sexual stages ensuring continuity of the development cycle of the parasite, as well as its transmission to humans. The efficacy of artemisinin-based anti-malarials against asexual stages of Plasmodium has been reported in Madagascar, but their effects on gamet...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:798e025454aa44cd93c46ecaf124b403 2023-05-15T15:12:24+02:00 Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar Malalanandrianina A. Rakotoarisoa Jocia Fenomanana Bronislaw Tchesterico Dodoson Voahangy Hanitriniaina I. Andrianaranjaka Arsène Ratsimbasoa 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 https://doaj.org/article/798e025454aa44cd93c46ecaf124b403 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/798e025454aa44cd93c46ecaf124b403 Malaria Journal, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2022) Gametocytes Madagascar Microscopy Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin-based antimalarials Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 2022-12-30T21:14:41Z Abstract Background Gametocytes are the sexual stages ensuring continuity of the development cycle of the parasite, as well as its transmission to humans. The efficacy of artemisinin-based anti-malarials against asexual stages of Plasmodium has been reported in Madagascar, but their effects on gametocytes are not well documented. The present study aims to determine the emergence of gametocyte and gametocyte clearance after artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) or artemether-lumefantrine (AL) treatment in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 5 regions of Madagascar. Methods 558 children with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, aged between 1 and 15 years, were assigned randomly to AL or ASAQ treatment. They come from 5 regions of Madagascar with different epidemiological facies related to malaria: Ankilivalo, Benenitra, Ampanihy, Ankazomborona and Matanga. Gametocytes were identified by microscopy, from t blood smears at day 1, day 2, day 3, day 7, day 14, day 21 and day 28 after treatment. Results At baseline, 9.7% (54/558) children [95% CI: 7.4–12.5%] had detectable gametocyte by microscopy. Among the 54 enrolled children, gametocytes emergence rate was high during the first days of treatment in both treatment arms (AL and ASAQ), especially on day 1. Gametocytes were undetectable from day 14 for AL arm while for ASAQ arm, gametocyte carriage was gradually decreased but persisted until day 21. Conclusion This study demonstrates that AL has a more rapid effect on gametocyte clearance compared to ASAQ in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 21 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Gametocytes Madagascar Microscopy Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin-based antimalarials Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Gametocytes Madagascar Microscopy Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin-based antimalarials Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Malalanandrianina A. Rakotoarisoa Jocia Fenomanana Bronislaw Tchesterico Dodoson Voahangy Hanitriniaina I. Andrianaranjaka Arsène Ratsimbasoa Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
topic_facet |
Gametocytes Madagascar Microscopy Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin-based antimalarials Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Gametocytes are the sexual stages ensuring continuity of the development cycle of the parasite, as well as its transmission to humans. The efficacy of artemisinin-based anti-malarials against asexual stages of Plasmodium has been reported in Madagascar, but their effects on gametocytes are not well documented. The present study aims to determine the emergence of gametocyte and gametocyte clearance after artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) or artemether-lumefantrine (AL) treatment in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 5 regions of Madagascar. Methods 558 children with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, aged between 1 and 15 years, were assigned randomly to AL or ASAQ treatment. They come from 5 regions of Madagascar with different epidemiological facies related to malaria: Ankilivalo, Benenitra, Ampanihy, Ankazomborona and Matanga. Gametocytes were identified by microscopy, from t blood smears at day 1, day 2, day 3, day 7, day 14, day 21 and day 28 after treatment. Results At baseline, 9.7% (54/558) children [95% CI: 7.4–12.5%] had detectable gametocyte by microscopy. Among the 54 enrolled children, gametocytes emergence rate was high during the first days of treatment in both treatment arms (AL and ASAQ), especially on day 1. Gametocytes were undetectable from day 14 for AL arm while for ASAQ arm, gametocyte carriage was gradually decreased but persisted until day 21. Conclusion This study demonstrates that AL has a more rapid effect on gametocyte clearance compared to ASAQ in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Malalanandrianina A. Rakotoarisoa Jocia Fenomanana Bronislaw Tchesterico Dodoson Voahangy Hanitriniaina I. Andrianaranjaka Arsène Ratsimbasoa |
author_facet |
Malalanandrianina A. Rakotoarisoa Jocia Fenomanana Bronislaw Tchesterico Dodoson Voahangy Hanitriniaina I. Andrianaranjaka Arsène Ratsimbasoa |
author_sort |
Malalanandrianina A. Rakotoarisoa |
title |
Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
title_short |
Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
title_full |
Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
title_fullStr |
Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Madagascar |
title_sort |
comparative effect of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on gametocyte clearance in children with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in madagascar |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 https://doaj.org/article/798e025454aa44cd93c46ecaf124b403 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/798e025454aa44cd93c46ecaf124b403 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04369-2 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766343088237707264 |