Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme
Glycerol, a compatible solute, has previously been found to act as an osmoprotectant in some marine Chlamydomonas species and several species of Dunaliella from hypersaline ponds. Recently, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella salina were shown to make glycerol with an unusual bidomain enzyme, w...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:78e4265cdf774a77916f6bba88077dab 2023-05-15T13:58:10+02:00 Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme James A. Raymond Rachael Morgan-Kiss Sarah Stahl-Rommel 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 https://doaj.org/article/78e4265cdf774a77916f6bba88077dab EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-462X 1664-462X doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 https://doaj.org/article/78e4265cdf774a77916f6bba88077dab Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020) Chlamydomonas glycerol synthesis phosphoserine phosphatase glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Antarctica Lake Bonney Plant culture SB1-1110 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 2022-12-31T13:54:35Z Glycerol, a compatible solute, has previously been found to act as an osmoprotectant in some marine Chlamydomonas species and several species of Dunaliella from hypersaline ponds. Recently, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella salina were shown to make glycerol with an unusual bidomain enzyme, which appears to be unique to algae, that contains a phosphoserine phosphatase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Here we report that two psychrophilic species of Chlamydomonas (C. spp. UWO241 and ICE-MDV) from Lake Bonney, Antarctica also produce high levels of glycerol to survive in the lake’s saline waters. Glycerol concentration increased linearly with salinity and at 1.3 M NaCl, exceeded 400 mM in C. sp. UWO241, the more salt-tolerant strain. We also show that both species expressed several isoforms of the bidomain enzyme. An analysis of one of the isoforms of C. sp. UWO241 showed that it was strongly upregulated by NaCl and is thus the likely source of glycerol. These results reveal another adaptation of the Lake Bonney Chlamydomonas species that allow them to survive in an extreme polar environment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Bonney ENVELOPE(162.417,162.417,-77.717,-77.717) Lake Bonney ENVELOPE(-25.588,-25.588,-80.361,-80.361) Saline Lake ENVELOPE(-111.528,-111.528,57.081,57.081) Frontiers in Plant Science 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Chlamydomonas glycerol synthesis phosphoserine phosphatase glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Antarctica Lake Bonney Plant culture SB1-1110 |
spellingShingle |
Chlamydomonas glycerol synthesis phosphoserine phosphatase glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Antarctica Lake Bonney Plant culture SB1-1110 James A. Raymond Rachael Morgan-Kiss Sarah Stahl-Rommel Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
topic_facet |
Chlamydomonas glycerol synthesis phosphoserine phosphatase glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Antarctica Lake Bonney Plant culture SB1-1110 |
description |
Glycerol, a compatible solute, has previously been found to act as an osmoprotectant in some marine Chlamydomonas species and several species of Dunaliella from hypersaline ponds. Recently, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Dunaliella salina were shown to make glycerol with an unusual bidomain enzyme, which appears to be unique to algae, that contains a phosphoserine phosphatase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Here we report that two psychrophilic species of Chlamydomonas (C. spp. UWO241 and ICE-MDV) from Lake Bonney, Antarctica also produce high levels of glycerol to survive in the lake’s saline waters. Glycerol concentration increased linearly with salinity and at 1.3 M NaCl, exceeded 400 mM in C. sp. UWO241, the more salt-tolerant strain. We also show that both species expressed several isoforms of the bidomain enzyme. An analysis of one of the isoforms of C. sp. UWO241 showed that it was strongly upregulated by NaCl and is thus the likely source of glycerol. These results reveal another adaptation of the Lake Bonney Chlamydomonas species that allow them to survive in an extreme polar environment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
James A. Raymond Rachael Morgan-Kiss Sarah Stahl-Rommel |
author_facet |
James A. Raymond Rachael Morgan-Kiss Sarah Stahl-Rommel |
author_sort |
James A. Raymond |
title |
Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
title_short |
Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
title_full |
Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
title_fullStr |
Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glycerol Is an Osmoprotectant in Two Antarctic Chlamydomonas Species From an Ice-Covered Saline Lake and Is Synthesized by an Unusual Bidomain Enzyme |
title_sort |
glycerol is an osmoprotectant in two antarctic chlamydomonas species from an ice-covered saline lake and is synthesized by an unusual bidomain enzyme |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 https://doaj.org/article/78e4265cdf774a77916f6bba88077dab |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(162.417,162.417,-77.717,-77.717) ENVELOPE(-25.588,-25.588,-80.361,-80.361) ENVELOPE(-111.528,-111.528,57.081,57.081) |
geographic |
Antarctic Bonney Lake Bonney Saline Lake |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Bonney Lake Bonney Saline Lake |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-462X 1664-462X doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 https://doaj.org/article/78e4265cdf774a77916f6bba88077dab |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01259 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
container_volume |
11 |
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1766266268394979328 |