The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms.
Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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2019
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/article/7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 2023-05-15T15:16:26+02:00 The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. Kathryn M Benavidez Trina Guerra Madison Torres David Rodriguez Joseph A Veech Dittmar Hahn Robert J Miller Fred V Soltero Alejandro E Pérez Ramírez Adalberto Perez de León Iván Castro-Arellano 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/article/7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/article/7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 5, p e0007236 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 2022-12-31T06:00:46Z Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods targeting the LipL32 gene were used to analyze kidney samples from 124 House mice (Mus musculus), 94 Black rats (Rattus rattus), 5 Norway rats (R. norvegicus), and 89 small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) from five cattle farms in Puerto Rico. Renal carriage of Leptospira was found in 38% of the sampled individuals, with 59% of the sampled mice, 34% of Black rats, 20% of Norway rats, and 13% of the mongooses. A heterogeneous distribution of prevalence was also found among sites, with the highest prevalence of Leptospira-positive samples at 52% and the lowest at 30%. Comparative sequence analysis of the LipL32 gene from positive samples revealed the presence of two species of Leptospira, L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans in mice, detected in similar percentages in samples from four farms, while samples from the fifth farm almost exclusively harbored L. interrogans. In rats, both Leptospira species were found, while mongooses only harbored L. interrogans. Numbers tested for both animals, however, were too small (n = 7 each) to relate prevalence of Leptospira species to location. Significant associations of Leptospira prevalence with anthropogenic landscape features were observed at farms in Naguabo and Sabana Grande, where infected individuals were closer to human dwellings, milking barns, and ponds than were uninfected individuals. These results show that rural areas of Puerto Rico are in need of management and longitudinal surveillance of Leptospira in order to prevent continued infection of focal susceptible species (i.e. humans and cattle). Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Rattus rattus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Indian Norway PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 5 e0007236 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Kathryn M Benavidez Trina Guerra Madison Torres David Rodriguez Joseph A Veech Dittmar Hahn Robert J Miller Fred V Soltero Alejandro E Pérez Ramírez Adalberto Perez de León Iván Castro-Arellano The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods targeting the LipL32 gene were used to analyze kidney samples from 124 House mice (Mus musculus), 94 Black rats (Rattus rattus), 5 Norway rats (R. norvegicus), and 89 small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) from five cattle farms in Puerto Rico. Renal carriage of Leptospira was found in 38% of the sampled individuals, with 59% of the sampled mice, 34% of Black rats, 20% of Norway rats, and 13% of the mongooses. A heterogeneous distribution of prevalence was also found among sites, with the highest prevalence of Leptospira-positive samples at 52% and the lowest at 30%. Comparative sequence analysis of the LipL32 gene from positive samples revealed the presence of two species of Leptospira, L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans in mice, detected in similar percentages in samples from four farms, while samples from the fifth farm almost exclusively harbored L. interrogans. In rats, both Leptospira species were found, while mongooses only harbored L. interrogans. Numbers tested for both animals, however, were too small (n = 7 each) to relate prevalence of Leptospira species to location. Significant associations of Leptospira prevalence with anthropogenic landscape features were observed at farms in Naguabo and Sabana Grande, where infected individuals were closer to human dwellings, milking barns, and ponds than were uninfected individuals. These results show that rural areas of Puerto Rico are in need of management and longitudinal surveillance of Leptospira in order to prevent continued infection of focal susceptible species (i.e. humans and cattle). |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kathryn M Benavidez Trina Guerra Madison Torres David Rodriguez Joseph A Veech Dittmar Hahn Robert J Miller Fred V Soltero Alejandro E Pérez Ramírez Adalberto Perez de León Iván Castro-Arellano |
author_facet |
Kathryn M Benavidez Trina Guerra Madison Torres David Rodriguez Joseph A Veech Dittmar Hahn Robert J Miller Fred V Soltero Alejandro E Pérez Ramírez Adalberto Perez de León Iván Castro-Arellano |
author_sort |
Kathryn M Benavidez |
title |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
title_short |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
title_full |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
title_fullStr |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms. |
title_sort |
prevalence of leptospira among invasive small mammals on puerto rican cattle farms. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/article/7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 |
geographic |
Arctic Indian Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Indian Norway |
genre |
Arctic Rattus rattus |
genre_facet |
Arctic Rattus rattus |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 5, p e0007236 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://doaj.org/article/7859d5bf61734a6aab1598a8d649e4f5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e0007236 |
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1766346734144847872 |