Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals
Conventional benchmark-based survey and Global Positioning System (GPS) have been used to measure surface elevation changes over permafrost areas, usually once or a few times a year. Here we use reflected GPS signals to measure temporal changes of ground surface elevation due to dynamics of the acti...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:776c3e8e642846159673a579c2ef19cb 2023-05-15T15:39:43+02:00 Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals L. Liu K. M. Larson 2018-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 https://doaj.org/article/776c3e8e642846159673a579c2ef19cb EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.the-cryosphere.net/12/477/2018/tc-12-477-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/776c3e8e642846159673a579c2ef19cb The Cryosphere, Vol 12, Pp 477-489 (2018) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 2022-12-31T13:36:01Z Conventional benchmark-based survey and Global Positioning System (GPS) have been used to measure surface elevation changes over permafrost areas, usually once or a few times a year. Here we use reflected GPS signals to measure temporal changes of ground surface elevation due to dynamics of the active layer and near-surface permafrost. Applying the GPS interferometric reflectometry technique to the multipath signal-to-noise ratio data collected by a continuously operating GPS receiver mounted deep in permafrost in Barrow, Alaska, we can retrieve the vertical distance between the antenna and reflecting surface. Using this unique kind of observables, we obtain daily changes of surface elevation during July and August from 2004 to 2015. Our results show distinct temporal variations at three timescales: regular thaw settlement within each summer, strong interannual variability that is characterized by a sub-decadal subsidence trend followed by a brief uplift trend, and a secular subsidence trend of 0.26 ± 0.02 cm year −1 during 2004 and 2015. This method provides a new way to fully utilize data from continuously operating GPS sites in cold regions for studying dynamics of the frozen ground consistently and sustainably over a long time. Article in Journal/Newspaper Barrow permafrost The Cryosphere Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 12 2 477 489 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 L. Liu K. M. Larson Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Conventional benchmark-based survey and Global Positioning System (GPS) have been used to measure surface elevation changes over permafrost areas, usually once or a few times a year. Here we use reflected GPS signals to measure temporal changes of ground surface elevation due to dynamics of the active layer and near-surface permafrost. Applying the GPS interferometric reflectometry technique to the multipath signal-to-noise ratio data collected by a continuously operating GPS receiver mounted deep in permafrost in Barrow, Alaska, we can retrieve the vertical distance between the antenna and reflecting surface. Using this unique kind of observables, we obtain daily changes of surface elevation during July and August from 2004 to 2015. Our results show distinct temporal variations at three timescales: regular thaw settlement within each summer, strong interannual variability that is characterized by a sub-decadal subsidence trend followed by a brief uplift trend, and a secular subsidence trend of 0.26 ± 0.02 cm year −1 during 2004 and 2015. This method provides a new way to fully utilize data from continuously operating GPS sites in cold regions for studying dynamics of the frozen ground consistently and sustainably over a long time. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
L. Liu K. M. Larson |
author_facet |
L. Liu K. M. Larson |
author_sort |
L. Liu |
title |
Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
title_short |
Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
title_full |
Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
title_fullStr |
Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected GPS signals |
title_sort |
decadal changes of surface elevation over permafrost area estimated using reflected gps signals |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 https://doaj.org/article/776c3e8e642846159673a579c2ef19cb |
genre |
Barrow permafrost The Cryosphere Alaska |
genre_facet |
Barrow permafrost The Cryosphere Alaska |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 12, Pp 477-489 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.the-cryosphere.net/12/477/2018/tc-12-477-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/776c3e8e642846159673a579c2ef19cb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-477-2018 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
477 |
op_container_end_page |
489 |
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1766371769846857728 |