A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry
Thermokarst lake dynamics, which play an essential role in carbon release due to permafrost thaw, are affected by various geomorphological processes. In this study, we derive a three-dimensional (3D) Stefan equation to characterize talik geometry under a hypothetical thermokarst lake in the continuo...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 https://doaj.org/article/76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa 2023-05-15T15:09:59+02:00 A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry N. Ohara B. M. Jones A. D. Parsekian K. M. Hinkel K. Yamatani M. Kanevskiy R. C. Rangel A. L. Breen H. Bergstedt 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 https://doaj.org/article/76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa EN eng Copernicus Publications https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/1247/2022/tc-16-1247-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 1247-1264 (2022) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 2022-12-31T08:02:41Z Thermokarst lake dynamics, which play an essential role in carbon release due to permafrost thaw, are affected by various geomorphological processes. In this study, we derive a three-dimensional (3D) Stefan equation to characterize talik geometry under a hypothetical thermokarst lake in the continuous permafrost region. Using the Euler equation in the calculus of variations, the lower bounds of the talik were determined as an extremum of the functional describing the phase boundary area with a fixed total talik volume. We demonstrate that the semi-ellipsoid geometry of the talik is optimal for minimizing the total permafrost thaw under the lake for a given annual heat supply. The model predicting ellipsoidal talik geometry was compared to talik thickness observations using transient electromagnetic (TEM) soundings in Peatball Lake on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of northern Alaska. The depth : width ratio of the elliptical sub-lake talik can characterize the energy flux anisotropy in the permafrost, although the lake bathymetry cross section may not be elliptic due to the presence of near-surface ice-rich permafrost. This theory suggests that talik development deepens lakes and results in more uniform horizontal lake expansion around the perimeter of the lakes, while wind-induced waves and currents are likely responsible for the elongation and orientation of shallow thermokarst lakes without taliks in certain regions such as the ACP of northern Alaska. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice permafrost The Cryosphere Thermokarst Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Talik ENVELOPE(146.601,146.601,59.667,59.667) The Cryosphere 16 4 1247 1264 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 N. Ohara B. M. Jones A. D. Parsekian K. M. Hinkel K. Yamatani M. Kanevskiy R. C. Rangel A. L. Breen H. Bergstedt A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Thermokarst lake dynamics, which play an essential role in carbon release due to permafrost thaw, are affected by various geomorphological processes. In this study, we derive a three-dimensional (3D) Stefan equation to characterize talik geometry under a hypothetical thermokarst lake in the continuous permafrost region. Using the Euler equation in the calculus of variations, the lower bounds of the talik were determined as an extremum of the functional describing the phase boundary area with a fixed total talik volume. We demonstrate that the semi-ellipsoid geometry of the talik is optimal for minimizing the total permafrost thaw under the lake for a given annual heat supply. The model predicting ellipsoidal talik geometry was compared to talik thickness observations using transient electromagnetic (TEM) soundings in Peatball Lake on the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of northern Alaska. The depth : width ratio of the elliptical sub-lake talik can characterize the energy flux anisotropy in the permafrost, although the lake bathymetry cross section may not be elliptic due to the presence of near-surface ice-rich permafrost. This theory suggests that talik development deepens lakes and results in more uniform horizontal lake expansion around the perimeter of the lakes, while wind-induced waves and currents are likely responsible for the elongation and orientation of shallow thermokarst lakes without taliks in certain regions such as the ACP of northern Alaska. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
N. Ohara B. M. Jones A. D. Parsekian K. M. Hinkel K. Yamatani M. Kanevskiy R. C. Rangel A. L. Breen H. Bergstedt |
author_facet |
N. Ohara B. M. Jones A. D. Parsekian K. M. Hinkel K. Yamatani M. Kanevskiy R. C. Rangel A. L. Breen H. Bergstedt |
author_sort |
N. Ohara |
title |
A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
title_short |
A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
title_full |
A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
title_fullStr |
A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new Stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
title_sort |
new stefan equation to characterize the evolution of thermokarst lake and talik geometry |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 https://doaj.org/article/76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(146.601,146.601,59.667,59.667) |
geographic |
Arctic Talik |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Talik |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost The Cryosphere Thermokarst Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost The Cryosphere Thermokarst Alaska |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 16, Pp 1247-1264 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/16/1247/2022/tc-16-1247-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 1994-0416 1994-0424 https://doaj.org/article/76ec342707ac4821aa78d08e62f3d8fa |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1247-2022 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1247 |
op_container_end_page |
1264 |
_version_ |
1766341075327254528 |