Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events
Despite similar evolution of Niño3.4 index for three strong El Niño events in the tropical Pacific in 1982–1983, 1997–1998 and 2015–2016, divergent sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) were observed in the North Atlantic (NA) in spring following El Niño peak. Strong teleconnection occurred for...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:764af2d588c04163b7ed2c1a5e50949d 2023-09-05T13:21:22+02:00 Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events Jinhua Yu Xuyu Zhang Laurent Li Chunhua Shi Yangbo Ye 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a https://doaj.org/article/764af2d588c04163b7ed2c1a5e50949d EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/764af2d588c04163b7ed2c1a5e50949d Environmental Research Letters, Vol 15, Iss 9, p 094040 (2020) North Atlantic SSTA super El Niño events teleconnection Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a 2023-08-13T00:37:20Z Despite similar evolution of Niño3.4 index for three strong El Niño events in the tropical Pacific in 1982–1983, 1997–1998 and 2015–2016, divergent sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) were observed in the North Atlantic (NA) in spring following El Niño peak. Strong teleconnection occurred for the first two events in 1982–1983 and 1997–1998, leading to a negative phase of a North Atlantic Oscillation-like circulation over the extratropical NA, and thus a positive tripolar SSTA pattern in the NA. But the teleconnection was weak for the case of 2015–2016 El Niño, the SSTA in spring 2016 in NA being mainly created and maintained by the preconditioning of the NA basin and local atmosphere-ocean interactions. The salient difference among the three events resides in their ways to operate the teleconnection linking the central-eastern equatorial Pacific and the subtropical eastern North Pacific to the extratropical NA, which would be a key to explain the different impacts of the three exceptional El Niño events. It is furthermore shown that the reduced anomalous westerlies over Central America along 30° N around the peak time of 2015–2016 El Niño play a role of inhibition for an efficient Rossby wave energy propagation from the tropics, eastward into the Gulf of Mexico and northward into midlatitudes in the western NA. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Environmental Research Letters 15 9 094040 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
North Atlantic SSTA super El Niño events teleconnection Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
North Atlantic SSTA super El Niño events teleconnection Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Jinhua Yu Xuyu Zhang Laurent Li Chunhua Shi Yangbo Ye Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
topic_facet |
North Atlantic SSTA super El Niño events teleconnection Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
Despite similar evolution of Niño3.4 index for three strong El Niño events in the tropical Pacific in 1982–1983, 1997–1998 and 2015–2016, divergent sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) were observed in the North Atlantic (NA) in spring following El Niño peak. Strong teleconnection occurred for the first two events in 1982–1983 and 1997–1998, leading to a negative phase of a North Atlantic Oscillation-like circulation over the extratropical NA, and thus a positive tripolar SSTA pattern in the NA. But the teleconnection was weak for the case of 2015–2016 El Niño, the SSTA in spring 2016 in NA being mainly created and maintained by the preconditioning of the NA basin and local atmosphere-ocean interactions. The salient difference among the three events resides in their ways to operate the teleconnection linking the central-eastern equatorial Pacific and the subtropical eastern North Pacific to the extratropical NA, which would be a key to explain the different impacts of the three exceptional El Niño events. It is furthermore shown that the reduced anomalous westerlies over Central America along 30° N around the peak time of 2015–2016 El Niño play a role of inhibition for an efficient Rossby wave energy propagation from the tropics, eastward into the Gulf of Mexico and northward into midlatitudes in the western NA. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jinhua Yu Xuyu Zhang Laurent Li Chunhua Shi Yangbo Ye |
author_facet |
Jinhua Yu Xuyu Zhang Laurent Li Chunhua Shi Yangbo Ye |
author_sort |
Jinhua Yu |
title |
Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
title_short |
Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
title_full |
Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
title_fullStr |
Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
title_full_unstemmed |
Salient difference of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic in the spring following three super El Niño events |
title_sort |
salient difference of sea surface temperature over the north atlantic in the spring following three super el niño events |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a https://doaj.org/article/764af2d588c04163b7ed2c1a5e50949d |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 15, Iss 9, p 094040 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/764af2d588c04163b7ed2c1a5e50949d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20a |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
094040 |
_version_ |
1776201976022827008 |