Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods
Ocean warming and acidification will be most pronounced in the Arctic. Both phenomena severely threaten thecosome pteropods (holoplanktonic marine gastropods) by reducing their survival (warming) and causing the dissolution of their aragonitic shell (acidification). Lipids, particularly phospholipid...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:76344637068e41228d1734d809acc35e 2023-05-15T14:51:55+02:00 Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods Silke Lischka Michael J. Greenacre Ulf Riebesell Martin Graeve 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 https://doaj.org/article/76344637068e41228d1734d809acc35e EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 https://doaj.org/article/76344637068e41228d1734d809acc35e Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 9 (2022) ocean warming ocean acidification arctic pteropods lipids Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 2022-12-30T20:02:21Z Ocean warming and acidification will be most pronounced in the Arctic. Both phenomena severely threaten thecosome pteropods (holoplanktonic marine gastropods) by reducing their survival (warming) and causing the dissolution of their aragonitic shell (acidification). Lipids, particularly phospholipids, play a major role in veligers and juveniles of the polar thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina comprising more than two-thirds of their total lipids. Membrane lipids (phospholipids) are important for the temperature acclimation of ectotherms. Hence, we experimentally investigated ocean warming and acidification effects on total lipids, lipid classes, and fatty acids of Arctic early-stage L. helicina. The temperature and pCO2 treatments chosen resembled Representative Concentration Pathway model scenarios for this century. We found a massive decrease in total lipids at elevated temperatures and at the highest CO2 concentration (1,100 μatm) of the in situ temperature. Clearly, temperature was the overriding factor. Total lipids were reduced by 47%–70%, mainly caused by a reduction of phospholipids by up to 60%. Further, based on pHT development in the incubation water of pteropods during the experiment, some evidence exists for metabolic downregulation in pteropods at high factor levels of temperature and pCO2. Consequently, the cell differentiation and energy balance of early-stage larvae were probably severely compromised. Comparison of our experimental with ‘wild’ organisms suggests phospholipid reduction to values clearly outside natural variability. Based on the well-known significance of phospholipids for membranogenesis, early development, and reproduction, negative warming effects on such a basal metabolic function may be a much more immediate threat for pteropods than so far anticipated shell dissolution effects due to acidification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic arctic pteropods Limacina helicina Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Frontiers in Marine Science 9 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ocean warming ocean acidification arctic pteropods lipids Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
ocean warming ocean acidification arctic pteropods lipids Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Silke Lischka Michael J. Greenacre Ulf Riebesell Martin Graeve Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
topic_facet |
ocean warming ocean acidification arctic pteropods lipids Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Ocean warming and acidification will be most pronounced in the Arctic. Both phenomena severely threaten thecosome pteropods (holoplanktonic marine gastropods) by reducing their survival (warming) and causing the dissolution of their aragonitic shell (acidification). Lipids, particularly phospholipids, play a major role in veligers and juveniles of the polar thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina comprising more than two-thirds of their total lipids. Membrane lipids (phospholipids) are important for the temperature acclimation of ectotherms. Hence, we experimentally investigated ocean warming and acidification effects on total lipids, lipid classes, and fatty acids of Arctic early-stage L. helicina. The temperature and pCO2 treatments chosen resembled Representative Concentration Pathway model scenarios for this century. We found a massive decrease in total lipids at elevated temperatures and at the highest CO2 concentration (1,100 μatm) of the in situ temperature. Clearly, temperature was the overriding factor. Total lipids were reduced by 47%–70%, mainly caused by a reduction of phospholipids by up to 60%. Further, based on pHT development in the incubation water of pteropods during the experiment, some evidence exists for metabolic downregulation in pteropods at high factor levels of temperature and pCO2. Consequently, the cell differentiation and energy balance of early-stage larvae were probably severely compromised. Comparison of our experimental with ‘wild’ organisms suggests phospholipid reduction to values clearly outside natural variability. Based on the well-known significance of phospholipids for membranogenesis, early development, and reproduction, negative warming effects on such a basal metabolic function may be a much more immediate threat for pteropods than so far anticipated shell dissolution effects due to acidification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Silke Lischka Michael J. Greenacre Ulf Riebesell Martin Graeve |
author_facet |
Silke Lischka Michael J. Greenacre Ulf Riebesell Martin Graeve |
author_sort |
Silke Lischka |
title |
Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
title_short |
Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
title_full |
Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
title_fullStr |
Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
title_full_unstemmed |
Membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to Arctic pteropods |
title_sort |
membrane lipid sensitivity to ocean warming and acidification poses a severe threat to arctic pteropods |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 https://doaj.org/article/76344637068e41228d1734d809acc35e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic arctic pteropods Limacina helicina Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Arctic arctic pteropods Limacina helicina Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 9 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 https://doaj.org/article/76344637068e41228d1734d809acc35e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.920163 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
9 |
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1766323066989707264 |