Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil.
Leprosy remains a public health problem in Brazil with new case incidence exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) goals in endemic clusters throughout the country. Migration can facilitate movement of disease between endemic and non-endemic areas, and has been considered a possible factor in conti...
Published in: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 https://doaj.org/article/75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 2023-05-15T15:15:05+02:00 Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. Christine Murto Frédérique Chammartin Karolin Schwarz Lea Marcia Melo da Costa Charles Kaplan Jorg Heukelbach 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 https://doaj.org/article/75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3764227?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 https://doaj.org/article/75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e2422 (2013) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 2022-12-31T14:07:17Z Leprosy remains a public health problem in Brazil with new case incidence exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) goals in endemic clusters throughout the country. Migration can facilitate movement of disease between endemic and non-endemic areas, and has been considered a possible factor in continued leprosy incidence in Brazil. A study was conducted to investigate migration as a risk factor for leprosy. The study had three aims: (1) examine past five year migration as a risk factor for leprosy, (2) describe and compare geographic and temporal patterns of migration among past 5-year migrants with leprosy and a control group, and (3) examine social determinants of health associated with leprosy among past 5-year migrants. The study implemented a matched case-control design and analysis comparing individuals newly diagnosed with leprosy (n = 340) and a clinically unapparent control group (n = 340) without clinical signs of leprosy, matched for age, sex and location in four endemic municipalities in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Fishers exact test was used to conduct bivariate analyses. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to control for possible confounding variables. Eighty cases (23.5%) migrated 5-years prior to diagnosis, and 55 controls (16.2%) migrated 5-years prior to the corresponding case diagnosis. Past 5 year migration was found to be associated with leprosy (OR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.07-2.38; p = 0.02), and remained significantly associated with leprosy after controlling for leprosy contact in the family, household, and family/household contact. Poverty, as well as leprosy contact in the family, household and other leprosy contact, was associated with leprosy among past 5-year migrants in the bivariate analysis. Alcohol consumption was also associated with leprosy, a relevant risk factor in susceptibility to infection that should be explored in future research. Our findings provide insight into patterns of migration to localize focused control efforts in endemic areas with ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7 9 e2422 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Christine Murto Frédérique Chammartin Karolin Schwarz Lea Marcia Melo da Costa Charles Kaplan Jorg Heukelbach Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Leprosy remains a public health problem in Brazil with new case incidence exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) goals in endemic clusters throughout the country. Migration can facilitate movement of disease between endemic and non-endemic areas, and has been considered a possible factor in continued leprosy incidence in Brazil. A study was conducted to investigate migration as a risk factor for leprosy. The study had three aims: (1) examine past five year migration as a risk factor for leprosy, (2) describe and compare geographic and temporal patterns of migration among past 5-year migrants with leprosy and a control group, and (3) examine social determinants of health associated with leprosy among past 5-year migrants. The study implemented a matched case-control design and analysis comparing individuals newly diagnosed with leprosy (n = 340) and a clinically unapparent control group (n = 340) without clinical signs of leprosy, matched for age, sex and location in four endemic municipalities in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Fishers exact test was used to conduct bivariate analyses. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to control for possible confounding variables. Eighty cases (23.5%) migrated 5-years prior to diagnosis, and 55 controls (16.2%) migrated 5-years prior to the corresponding case diagnosis. Past 5 year migration was found to be associated with leprosy (OR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.07-2.38; p = 0.02), and remained significantly associated with leprosy after controlling for leprosy contact in the family, household, and family/household contact. Poverty, as well as leprosy contact in the family, household and other leprosy contact, was associated with leprosy among past 5-year migrants in the bivariate analysis. Alcohol consumption was also associated with leprosy, a relevant risk factor in susceptibility to infection that should be explored in future research. Our findings provide insight into patterns of migration to localize focused control efforts in endemic areas with ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Christine Murto Frédérique Chammartin Karolin Schwarz Lea Marcia Melo da Costa Charles Kaplan Jorg Heukelbach |
author_facet |
Christine Murto Frédérique Chammartin Karolin Schwarz Lea Marcia Melo da Costa Charles Kaplan Jorg Heukelbach |
author_sort |
Christine Murto |
title |
Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
title_short |
Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
title_full |
Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
title_fullStr |
Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in Maranhão, Brazil. |
title_sort |
patterns of migration and risks associated with leprosy among migrants in maranhão, brazil. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 https://doaj.org/article/75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e2422 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3764227?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 https://doaj.org/article/75d9acc4df4846f697179fc06f7be349 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002422 |
container_title |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e2422 |
_version_ |
1766345465904758784 |