Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti.
Since Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global human health threat, numerous studies have pointed to Aedes aegypti as the primary vector due to its high competence and propensity to feed on humans. The majority of vector competence studies have been conducted between 26-28°C, but arboviral extrinsic in...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:75c173c74f1644f1a44f8f83e79dd9eb 2023-05-15T15:17:07+02:00 Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. Olivia C Winokur Bradley J Main Jay Nicholson Christopher M Barker 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/article/75c173c74f1644f1a44f8f83e79dd9eb EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/article/75c173c74f1644f1a44f8f83e79dd9eb PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0008047 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 2022-12-31T13:13:07Z Since Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global human health threat, numerous studies have pointed to Aedes aegypti as the primary vector due to its high competence and propensity to feed on humans. The majority of vector competence studies have been conducted between 26-28°C, but arboviral extrinsic incubation periods (EIPs), and therefore transmission efficiency, are known to be affected strongly by temperature. To better understand the relationship between ZIKV EIPs and temperature, we evaluated the effect of adult mosquito exposure temperature on ZIKV infection, dissemination, and transmission in Ae. aegypti at four temperatures: 18°C, 21°C, 26°C, and 30°C. Mosquitoes were exposed to viremic mice infected with a 2015 Puerto Rican ZIKV strain, and engorged mosquitoes were sorted into the four temperatures with 80% RH and constant access to 10% sucrose. ZIKV infection, dissemination, and transmission rates were assessed via RT-qPCR from individual mosquito bodies, legs and wings, and saliva, respectively, at three to five time points per temperature from three to 31 days, based on expectations from other flavivirus EIPs. The median time from ZIKV ingestion to transmission (median EIP, EIP50) at each temperature was estimated by fitting a generalized linear mixed model for each temperature. EIP50 ranged from 5.1 days at 30°C to 24.2 days at 21°C. At 26°C, EIP50 was 9.6 days. At 18°C, only 15% transmitted by day 31 so EIP50 could not be estimated. This is among the first studies to characterize the effects of temperature on ZIKV EIP in Ae. aegypti, and the first to do so based on feeding of mosquitoes on a live, viremic host. This information is critical for modeling ZIKV transmission dynamics to understand geographic and seasonal limits of ZIKV risk; it is especially relevant for determining risk in subtropical regions with established Ae. aegypti populations and relatively high rates of return travel from the tropics (e.g. California or Florida), as these regions typically experience cooler temperature ranges than ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Human health Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 3 e0008047 |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Olivia C Winokur Bradley J Main Jay Nicholson Christopher M Barker Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Since Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global human health threat, numerous studies have pointed to Aedes aegypti as the primary vector due to its high competence and propensity to feed on humans. The majority of vector competence studies have been conducted between 26-28°C, but arboviral extrinsic incubation periods (EIPs), and therefore transmission efficiency, are known to be affected strongly by temperature. To better understand the relationship between ZIKV EIPs and temperature, we evaluated the effect of adult mosquito exposure temperature on ZIKV infection, dissemination, and transmission in Ae. aegypti at four temperatures: 18°C, 21°C, 26°C, and 30°C. Mosquitoes were exposed to viremic mice infected with a 2015 Puerto Rican ZIKV strain, and engorged mosquitoes were sorted into the four temperatures with 80% RH and constant access to 10% sucrose. ZIKV infection, dissemination, and transmission rates were assessed via RT-qPCR from individual mosquito bodies, legs and wings, and saliva, respectively, at three to five time points per temperature from three to 31 days, based on expectations from other flavivirus EIPs. The median time from ZIKV ingestion to transmission (median EIP, EIP50) at each temperature was estimated by fitting a generalized linear mixed model for each temperature. EIP50 ranged from 5.1 days at 30°C to 24.2 days at 21°C. At 26°C, EIP50 was 9.6 days. At 18°C, only 15% transmitted by day 31 so EIP50 could not be estimated. This is among the first studies to characterize the effects of temperature on ZIKV EIP in Ae. aegypti, and the first to do so based on feeding of mosquitoes on a live, viremic host. This information is critical for modeling ZIKV transmission dynamics to understand geographic and seasonal limits of ZIKV risk; it is especially relevant for determining risk in subtropical regions with established Ae. aegypti populations and relatively high rates of return travel from the tropics (e.g. California or Florida), as these regions typically experience cooler temperature ranges than ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Olivia C Winokur Bradley J Main Jay Nicholson Christopher M Barker |
author_facet |
Olivia C Winokur Bradley J Main Jay Nicholson Christopher M Barker |
author_sort |
Olivia C Winokur |
title |
Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
title_short |
Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
title_full |
Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
title_fullStr |
Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti. |
title_sort |
impact of temperature on the extrinsic incubation period of zika virus in aedes aegypti. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/article/75c173c74f1644f1a44f8f83e79dd9eb |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Human health |
genre_facet |
Arctic Human health |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0008047 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 https://doaj.org/article/75c173c74f1644f1a44f8f83e79dd9eb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008047 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
e0008047 |
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1766347388665987072 |