Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation
Abstract Background Between 1999 and 2008 Russia experienced a flare-up of transmission of vivax malaria following its massive importation with more than 500 autochthonous cases in European Russia, the Moscow region being the most affected. The outbreak waned soon after a decrease in importation in...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:754f859dc5004873a5df88e38809ff2e 2023-05-15T15:18:28+02:00 Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation Varvara A. Mironova Natalia V. Shartova Andrei E. Beljaev Mikhail I. Varentsov Fedor I. Korennoy Mikhail Y. Grishchenko 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 https://doaj.org/article/754f859dc5004873a5df88e38809ff2e EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/754f859dc5004873a5df88e38809ff2e Malaria Journal, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2020) Vivax malaria Autochthonous cases Re-introduction Modelling Geospatial analysis Environmental determinants Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 2022-12-31T12:43:07Z Abstract Background Between 1999 and 2008 Russia experienced a flare-up of transmission of vivax malaria following its massive importation with more than 500 autochthonous cases in European Russia, the Moscow region being the most affected. The outbreak waned soon after a decrease in importation in mid-2000s and strengthening the control measures. Compared with other post-eradication epidemics in Europe this one was unprecedented by its extension and duration. Methods The aim of this study is to identify geographical determinants of transmission. The degree of favourability of climate for vivax malaria was assessed by measuring the sum of effective temperatures and duration of season of effective infectivity using data from 22 weather stations. For geospatial analysis, the locations of each of 405 autochthonous cases detected in Moscow region have been ascertained. A MaxEnt method was used for modelling the territorial differentiation of Moscow region according to the suitability of infection re-emergence based on the statistically valid relationships between the distribution of autochthonous cases and environmental and climatic factors. Results In 1999–2004, in the beginning of the outbreak, meteorological conditions were extremely favourable for malaria in 1999, 2001 and 2002, especially within the borders of the city of Moscow and its immediate surroundings. The greatest number of cases occurred at the northwestern periphery of the city and in the adjoining rural areas. A significant role was played by rural construction activities attracting migrant labour, vegetation density and landscape division. A cut-off altitude of 200 m was observed, though the factor of altitude did not play a significant role at lower altitudes. Most likely, the urban heat island additionally amplified malaria re-introduction. Conclusion The malariogenic potential in relation to vivax malaria was high in Moscow region, albeit heterogeneous. It is in Moscow that the most favourable conditions exist for vivax malaria re-introduction ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 19 1 |
institution |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Vivax malaria Autochthonous cases Re-introduction Modelling Geospatial analysis Environmental determinants Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Vivax malaria Autochthonous cases Re-introduction Modelling Geospatial analysis Environmental determinants Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Varvara A. Mironova Natalia V. Shartova Andrei E. Beljaev Mikhail I. Varentsov Fedor I. Korennoy Mikhail Y. Grishchenko Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
topic_facet |
Vivax malaria Autochthonous cases Re-introduction Modelling Geospatial analysis Environmental determinants Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Between 1999 and 2008 Russia experienced a flare-up of transmission of vivax malaria following its massive importation with more than 500 autochthonous cases in European Russia, the Moscow region being the most affected. The outbreak waned soon after a decrease in importation in mid-2000s and strengthening the control measures. Compared with other post-eradication epidemics in Europe this one was unprecedented by its extension and duration. Methods The aim of this study is to identify geographical determinants of transmission. The degree of favourability of climate for vivax malaria was assessed by measuring the sum of effective temperatures and duration of season of effective infectivity using data from 22 weather stations. For geospatial analysis, the locations of each of 405 autochthonous cases detected in Moscow region have been ascertained. A MaxEnt method was used for modelling the territorial differentiation of Moscow region according to the suitability of infection re-emergence based on the statistically valid relationships between the distribution of autochthonous cases and environmental and climatic factors. Results In 1999–2004, in the beginning of the outbreak, meteorological conditions were extremely favourable for malaria in 1999, 2001 and 2002, especially within the borders of the city of Moscow and its immediate surroundings. The greatest number of cases occurred at the northwestern periphery of the city and in the adjoining rural areas. A significant role was played by rural construction activities attracting migrant labour, vegetation density and landscape division. A cut-off altitude of 200 m was observed, though the factor of altitude did not play a significant role at lower altitudes. Most likely, the urban heat island additionally amplified malaria re-introduction. Conclusion The malariogenic potential in relation to vivax malaria was high in Moscow region, albeit heterogeneous. It is in Moscow that the most favourable conditions exist for vivax malaria re-introduction ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Varvara A. Mironova Natalia V. Shartova Andrei E. Beljaev Mikhail I. Varentsov Fedor I. Korennoy Mikhail Y. Grishchenko |
author_facet |
Varvara A. Mironova Natalia V. Shartova Andrei E. Beljaev Mikhail I. Varentsov Fedor I. Korennoy Mikhail Y. Grishchenko |
author_sort |
Varvara A. Mironova |
title |
Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
title_short |
Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
title_full |
Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
title_fullStr |
Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation |
title_sort |
re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (moscow region, russia): a geographic investigation |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 https://doaj.org/article/754f859dc5004873a5df88e38809ff2e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2020) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/754f859dc5004873a5df88e38809ff2e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03187-8 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766348664803950592 |