Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Abstract Background Untreated or inadequately treated wastewater carrying human feces can host helminth eggs and larvae, contaminating the soil and plants that are irrigated with it. In Addis Ababa, farmers use untreated wastewater to grow vegetables; however, there are little data currently availab...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:74fbb9816ef84838b8bc9f83f88bbe25 2024-09-09T19:28:08+00:00 Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Bethlhem Kinfu Gurmassa Sirak Robele Gari Ephrem Tefera Solomon Michaela L. Goodson Claire L. Walsh Bitew K. Dessie Bezatu Mengistie Alemu 2024-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 https://doaj.org/article/74fbb9816ef84838b8bc9f83f88bbe25 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/74fbb9816ef84838b8bc9f83f88bbe25 Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024) STH Vegetable Irrigation Female Wastewater Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 2024-08-05T17:49:14Z Abstract Background Untreated or inadequately treated wastewater carrying human feces can host helminth eggs and larvae, contaminating the soil and plants that are irrigated with it. In Addis Ababa, farmers use untreated wastewater to grow vegetables; however, there are little data currently available published on vegetables' contribution to the prevalence of helminth among female farmers along the Akaki River, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa City in February 2022. A stratified random sampling method was used to sample farming households. The sample size for each district was determined by a proportional allocation to the total number of households in the area. Two hundred and fifty-two composite vegetable samples and 101 farmers’ stool samples were collected and analyzed for helminth prevalence. Data on socio-demographics were collected by trained data collators using a structured questionnaire. Kato-Katz concentration was used to detect STH from a stool sample. Stata version 14.0 was used to process the data. Poisson regression was used to identify the association between STH prevalence in the vegetable and the farm's stool. Results Helminths were found in 67.5% of vegetables sampled and 20.8% of female farmers' stools. Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (vegetable 48.4% and stool 9.9%) were identified in all analyzed samples. Hookworm eggs (vegetable 13.1% and stool 8.9%) and Trichuris trichiura eggs (vegetable 5.9% and stool 2%) were also isolated. The total number of helminth eggs present in wastewater-irrigated vegetables and female farmers’ stool had a positive association (p < 0.05) with a regression coefficient of 1.92 (95% CI = 1.56–2.28). Conclusions The study found a significant prevalence of helminth infections, particularly Ascaris lumbricoides, in stool and vegetable samples irrigated with wastewater. A clear association was found between vegetable production and a higher prevalence of helminth infections among female farmers. Therefore, it is ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Tropical Medicine and Health 52 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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STH Vegetable Irrigation Female Wastewater Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
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STH Vegetable Irrigation Female Wastewater Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Bethlhem Kinfu Gurmassa Sirak Robele Gari Ephrem Tefera Solomon Michaela L. Goodson Claire L. Walsh Bitew K. Dessie Bezatu Mengistie Alemu Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
topic_facet |
STH Vegetable Irrigation Female Wastewater Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
Abstract Background Untreated or inadequately treated wastewater carrying human feces can host helminth eggs and larvae, contaminating the soil and plants that are irrigated with it. In Addis Ababa, farmers use untreated wastewater to grow vegetables; however, there are little data currently available published on vegetables' contribution to the prevalence of helminth among female farmers along the Akaki River, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa City in February 2022. A stratified random sampling method was used to sample farming households. The sample size for each district was determined by a proportional allocation to the total number of households in the area. Two hundred and fifty-two composite vegetable samples and 101 farmers’ stool samples were collected and analyzed for helminth prevalence. Data on socio-demographics were collected by trained data collators using a structured questionnaire. Kato-Katz concentration was used to detect STH from a stool sample. Stata version 14.0 was used to process the data. Poisson regression was used to identify the association between STH prevalence in the vegetable and the farm's stool. Results Helminths were found in 67.5% of vegetables sampled and 20.8% of female farmers' stools. Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (vegetable 48.4% and stool 9.9%) were identified in all analyzed samples. Hookworm eggs (vegetable 13.1% and stool 8.9%) and Trichuris trichiura eggs (vegetable 5.9% and stool 2%) were also isolated. The total number of helminth eggs present in wastewater-irrigated vegetables and female farmers’ stool had a positive association (p < 0.05) with a regression coefficient of 1.92 (95% CI = 1.56–2.28). Conclusions The study found a significant prevalence of helminth infections, particularly Ascaris lumbricoides, in stool and vegetable samples irrigated with wastewater. A clear association was found between vegetable production and a higher prevalence of helminth infections among female farmers. Therefore, it is ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bethlhem Kinfu Gurmassa Sirak Robele Gari Ephrem Tefera Solomon Michaela L. Goodson Claire L. Walsh Bitew K. Dessie Bezatu Mengistie Alemu |
author_facet |
Bethlhem Kinfu Gurmassa Sirak Robele Gari Ephrem Tefera Solomon Michaela L. Goodson Claire L. Walsh Bitew K. Dessie Bezatu Mengistie Alemu |
author_sort |
Bethlhem Kinfu Gurmassa |
title |
Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
title_short |
Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
title_full |
Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
title_fullStr |
Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
title_sort |
contribution of wastewater irrigated vegetables to the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection among female farmers in addis ababa, ethiopia |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 https://doaj.org/article/74fbb9816ef84838b8bc9f83f88bbe25 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Tropical Medicine and Health, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 https://doaj.org/toc/1349-4147 doi:10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 1349-4147 https://doaj.org/article/74fbb9816ef84838b8bc9f83f88bbe25 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-024-00604-5 |
container_title |
Tropical Medicine and Health |
container_volume |
52 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1809897408591560704 |