Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital
Abstract Background The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is seeking malaria eradication. Malaria transmission has been very low over the last few years. Discovered cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection are assigned a treatment protocol of artemisinin-based combination therapy, which consists of artesunate...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7427cc3d36aa4d1680e5555c9b99c863 2023-05-15T15:16:09+02:00 Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital Rasha Hassan Soliman Patricia Garcia-Aranda Sherine Mohamed Elzagawy Boshra El-Sayed Hussein Wael Wahid Mayah Alexandra Martin Ramirez Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang José Miguel Rubio 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 https://doaj.org/article/7427cc3d36aa4d1680e5555c9b99c863 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/7427cc3d36aa4d1680e5555c9b99c863 Malaria Journal, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018) Plasmodium falciparum Drug resistance Antifolate drugs Saudi Arabia Indigenous cases Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 2022-12-31T15:35:58Z Abstract Background The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is seeking malaria eradication. Malaria transmission has been very low over the last few years. Discovered cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection are assigned a treatment protocol of artemisinin-based combination therapy, which consists of artesunate in addition to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine rather than the traditional chloroquine, which has high resistance rates worldwide. This study aims to investigate the presence of different gene mutations concerning anti-malarial drug resistance (pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcytb, pfketch13) to identify whether drug-resistant alleles are present in this area of the Kingdom and whether the country’s treatment protocol is still suitable for Plasmodium bearing a resistance mutation. Methods Blood samples were collected from patients suffering from symptoms suggesting malaria coming to King Faisal Hospital, Taif, from February to August 2016. Diagnosis was performed by Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood films, rapid diagnostic test and PCR. Positive P. falciparum samples were further subjected to series of PCR amplification reactions targeting genes related with drug resistance (pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcytb, pfketch13). Results Twenty-six cases were positives, 13 infected with P. falciparum, of those, 4 cases were autochthonous, and 13 with Plasmodium vivax. The results of the gene mutation detection confirmed that there was no mutation related to resistance to artemisinin or atovaquone, on the other hand chloroquine resistance alleles were detected in 31% of samples. Moreover, point mutations in the pfdhfr and pfdhps genes, related resistance to antifolate drugs, were detected in all characterized samples. Conclusions Haplotypes of P. falciparum in the western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia exhibit high resistance against antifolate drugs. These results should be extensively discussed when planning to modify anti-malarial drug protocols in the future. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 17 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Plasmodium falciparum Drug resistance Antifolate drugs Saudi Arabia Indigenous cases Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Plasmodium falciparum Drug resistance Antifolate drugs Saudi Arabia Indigenous cases Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Rasha Hassan Soliman Patricia Garcia-Aranda Sherine Mohamed Elzagawy Boshra El-Sayed Hussein Wael Wahid Mayah Alexandra Martin Ramirez Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang José Miguel Rubio Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
topic_facet |
Plasmodium falciparum Drug resistance Antifolate drugs Saudi Arabia Indigenous cases Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is seeking malaria eradication. Malaria transmission has been very low over the last few years. Discovered cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection are assigned a treatment protocol of artemisinin-based combination therapy, which consists of artesunate in addition to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine rather than the traditional chloroquine, which has high resistance rates worldwide. This study aims to investigate the presence of different gene mutations concerning anti-malarial drug resistance (pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcytb, pfketch13) to identify whether drug-resistant alleles are present in this area of the Kingdom and whether the country’s treatment protocol is still suitable for Plasmodium bearing a resistance mutation. Methods Blood samples were collected from patients suffering from symptoms suggesting malaria coming to King Faisal Hospital, Taif, from February to August 2016. Diagnosis was performed by Giemsa-stained thin and thick blood films, rapid diagnostic test and PCR. Positive P. falciparum samples were further subjected to series of PCR amplification reactions targeting genes related with drug resistance (pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcytb, pfketch13). Results Twenty-six cases were positives, 13 infected with P. falciparum, of those, 4 cases were autochthonous, and 13 with Plasmodium vivax. The results of the gene mutation detection confirmed that there was no mutation related to resistance to artemisinin or atovaquone, on the other hand chloroquine resistance alleles were detected in 31% of samples. Moreover, point mutations in the pfdhfr and pfdhps genes, related resistance to antifolate drugs, were detected in all characterized samples. Conclusions Haplotypes of P. falciparum in the western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia exhibit high resistance against antifolate drugs. These results should be extensively discussed when planning to modify anti-malarial drug protocols in the future. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rasha Hassan Soliman Patricia Garcia-Aranda Sherine Mohamed Elzagawy Boshra El-Sayed Hussein Wael Wahid Mayah Alexandra Martin Ramirez Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang José Miguel Rubio |
author_facet |
Rasha Hassan Soliman Patricia Garcia-Aranda Sherine Mohamed Elzagawy Boshra El-Sayed Hussein Wael Wahid Mayah Alexandra Martin Ramirez Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang José Miguel Rubio |
author_sort |
Rasha Hassan Soliman |
title |
Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
title_short |
Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
title_full |
Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
title_fullStr |
Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
title_full_unstemmed |
Imported and autochthonous malaria in West Saudi Arabia: results from a reference hospital |
title_sort |
imported and autochthonous malaria in west saudi arabia: results from a reference hospital |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 https://doaj.org/article/7427cc3d36aa4d1680e5555c9b99c863 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/7427cc3d36aa4d1680e5555c9b99c863 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2438-7 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766346455063199744 |