Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina.
Envenoming by scorpions in genus Tityus is a public health problem in Tropical America. One of the most medically significant species is Tityus trivittatus, which is known to occur from southwest Brazil to central-northern and eastern Argentina. In this work, we studied the lethality, composition, a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:73fc6d08e1ef431395ab0ad0c751a0f9 2023-05-15T15:15:20+02:00 Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. Adolfo Borges Antonieta Rojas de Arias Sabrina de Almeida Lima Bruno Lomonte Cecilia Díaz Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui Matthew R Graham Evanguedes Kalapothakis Cathia Coronel Adolfo R de Roodt 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/article/73fc6d08e1ef431395ab0ad0c751a0f9 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/article/73fc6d08e1ef431395ab0ad0c751a0f9 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0008899 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 2022-12-31T09:21:49Z Envenoming by scorpions in genus Tityus is a public health problem in Tropical America. One of the most medically significant species is Tityus trivittatus, which is known to occur from southwest Brazil to central-northern and eastern Argentina. In this work, we studied the lethality, composition, antigenicity, and enzymatic activity of venom from a T. trivittatus population found further north in urban areas of eastern Paraguay, where it has caused serious envenomation of children. Our results indicate that the population is of medical importance as it produces a potently toxic venom with an LD50 around 1.19 mg/kg. Venom neutralization in preliminary mouse bioassays was complete when using Brazilian anti-T. serrulatus antivenom but only partial when using Argentinean anti-T. trivittatus antivenom. Venom competitive solid-phase enzyme immunoassays and immunoblotting from Argentinean and Paraguayan T. trivittatus populations indicated that antigenic differences exist across the species range. SDS-PAGE showed variations in type and relative amounts of venom proteins between T. trivitattus samples from Argentina and Paraguay. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry indicated that while some sodium channel toxins are shared, including β-toxin Tt1g, others are population-specific. Proteolytic activity by zymography and peptide identification through nESI-MS/MS also point out that population-specific proteases may exist in T. trivitattus, which are postulated to be involved in the envenoming process. A time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of mitochondrial COI sequences revealed a significant (8.14%) genetic differentiation between the Argentinean and Paraguayan populations, which appeared to have diverged between the mid Miocene and early Pliocene. Altogether, toxinological and genetic evidence indicate that T. trivitattus populations from Paraguay and Argentina correspond to distinct, unique cryptic species, and suggest that further venom and taxonomic diversity exists in synanthropic southern South American Tityus than ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Argentina PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 12 e0008899 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Adolfo Borges Antonieta Rojas de Arias Sabrina de Almeida Lima Bruno Lomonte Cecilia Díaz Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui Matthew R Graham Evanguedes Kalapothakis Cathia Coronel Adolfo R de Roodt Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Envenoming by scorpions in genus Tityus is a public health problem in Tropical America. One of the most medically significant species is Tityus trivittatus, which is known to occur from southwest Brazil to central-northern and eastern Argentina. In this work, we studied the lethality, composition, antigenicity, and enzymatic activity of venom from a T. trivittatus population found further north in urban areas of eastern Paraguay, where it has caused serious envenomation of children. Our results indicate that the population is of medical importance as it produces a potently toxic venom with an LD50 around 1.19 mg/kg. Venom neutralization in preliminary mouse bioassays was complete when using Brazilian anti-T. serrulatus antivenom but only partial when using Argentinean anti-T. trivittatus antivenom. Venom competitive solid-phase enzyme immunoassays and immunoblotting from Argentinean and Paraguayan T. trivittatus populations indicated that antigenic differences exist across the species range. SDS-PAGE showed variations in type and relative amounts of venom proteins between T. trivitattus samples from Argentina and Paraguay. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry indicated that while some sodium channel toxins are shared, including β-toxin Tt1g, others are population-specific. Proteolytic activity by zymography and peptide identification through nESI-MS/MS also point out that population-specific proteases may exist in T. trivitattus, which are postulated to be involved in the envenoming process. A time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of mitochondrial COI sequences revealed a significant (8.14%) genetic differentiation between the Argentinean and Paraguayan populations, which appeared to have diverged between the mid Miocene and early Pliocene. Altogether, toxinological and genetic evidence indicate that T. trivitattus populations from Paraguay and Argentina correspond to distinct, unique cryptic species, and suggest that further venom and taxonomic diversity exists in synanthropic southern South American Tityus than ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Adolfo Borges Antonieta Rojas de Arias Sabrina de Almeida Lima Bruno Lomonte Cecilia Díaz Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui Matthew R Graham Evanguedes Kalapothakis Cathia Coronel Adolfo R de Roodt |
author_facet |
Adolfo Borges Antonieta Rojas de Arias Sabrina de Almeida Lima Bruno Lomonte Cecilia Díaz Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui Matthew R Graham Evanguedes Kalapothakis Cathia Coronel Adolfo R de Roodt |
author_sort |
Adolfo Borges |
title |
Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
title_short |
Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
title_full |
Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
title_fullStr |
Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of Tityus trivittatus Kraepelin, 1898 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) inhabiting Paraguay and Argentina. |
title_sort |
genetic and toxinological divergence among populations of tityus trivittatus kraepelin, 1898 (scorpiones: buthidae) inhabiting paraguay and argentina. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/article/73fc6d08e1ef431395ab0ad0c751a0f9 |
geographic |
Arctic Argentina |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Argentina |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0008899 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 https://doaj.org/article/73fc6d08e1ef431395ab0ad0c751a0f9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008899 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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14 |
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12 |
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e0008899 |
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