Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.)
Circoviruses (genus Circovirus, family Circoviridae) are ssDNA viruses that infect mammals, and they sometimes can transmit among different species. We investigated the distribution and diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3, species Porcine circovirus 3) and fox circovirus (species Canine circovi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:73fa99af79df4462bc50c8dbe3e870d9 2023-05-15T17:22:57+02:00 Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) Marta Canuti Bruce Rodrigues Émilie Bouchard Hugh G. Whitney Andrew S. Lang Suzanne C. Dufour Joost T.P. Verhoeven 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 https://doaj.org/article/73fa99af79df4462bc50c8dbe3e870d9 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266651742200058X https://doaj.org/toc/2666-5174 2666-5174 doi:10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 https://doaj.org/article/73fa99af79df4462bc50c8dbe3e870d9 Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100161- (2022) Canine circovirus Circoviruses PCV-3 Canine viruses Food-borne infections Molecular epidemiology Microbiology QR1-502 Genetics QH426-470 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 2022-12-30T20:59:19Z Circoviruses (genus Circovirus, family Circoviridae) are ssDNA viruses that infect mammals, and they sometimes can transmit among different species. We investigated the distribution and diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3, species Porcine circovirus 3) and fox circovirus (species Canine circovirus 1) in different populations of foxes (Vulpes spp.) inhabiting the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador to compare their epidemiological profiles. Of the 210 samples tested in this study 9 were positive for PCV-3 and 99 were positive for fox circovirus. Eight foxes were PCV-3-positive (8/128, 6.3%) and the virus was only found in the most human-populated areas. The PCV-3 positivity rate was significantly higher in stool (7/180, 8.8%) than in spleen (2/120, 1.7%: p < 0.05). Phylogenetic analyses showed that sequences from different animals were unrelated to each other. Fox circovirus was identified in 66 animals (51.6%) and positivity rates were the highest in the least human-populated areas. There were no significant differences between positivity rates in stool (32/80, 40.0%), spleen (59/120, 49.2%), or lymph nodes (8/10, 80.0%). Among 54 positive animals for which both spleen and stool samples were available, 25 (46.3%) had detectable virus in both samples. All fox circovirus sequences recovered in this study formed a monophyletic clade, and no geographic segregation of study strains was observed. The high prevalence and high genetic diversity observed for fox circovirus implies that the virus has been circulating in this population for a long time. PCV-3 cases were consistent with sporadic infections from multiple sources, possibly related to scavenging behavior and consumption of meat by-products and human waste, while fox circovirus was endemic, indicating that foxes are likely the maintenance host for this virus. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating the presence of fox circovirus in North America and to show that PCV-3 can be detected in foxes. Future studies should ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Newfoundland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Newfoundland Current Research in Microbial Sciences 3 100161 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Canine circovirus Circoviruses PCV-3 Canine viruses Food-borne infections Molecular epidemiology Microbiology QR1-502 Genetics QH426-470 |
spellingShingle |
Canine circovirus Circoviruses PCV-3 Canine viruses Food-borne infections Molecular epidemiology Microbiology QR1-502 Genetics QH426-470 Marta Canuti Bruce Rodrigues Émilie Bouchard Hugh G. Whitney Andrew S. Lang Suzanne C. Dufour Joost T.P. Verhoeven Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
topic_facet |
Canine circovirus Circoviruses PCV-3 Canine viruses Food-borne infections Molecular epidemiology Microbiology QR1-502 Genetics QH426-470 |
description |
Circoviruses (genus Circovirus, family Circoviridae) are ssDNA viruses that infect mammals, and they sometimes can transmit among different species. We investigated the distribution and diversity of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3, species Porcine circovirus 3) and fox circovirus (species Canine circovirus 1) in different populations of foxes (Vulpes spp.) inhabiting the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador to compare their epidemiological profiles. Of the 210 samples tested in this study 9 were positive for PCV-3 and 99 were positive for fox circovirus. Eight foxes were PCV-3-positive (8/128, 6.3%) and the virus was only found in the most human-populated areas. The PCV-3 positivity rate was significantly higher in stool (7/180, 8.8%) than in spleen (2/120, 1.7%: p < 0.05). Phylogenetic analyses showed that sequences from different animals were unrelated to each other. Fox circovirus was identified in 66 animals (51.6%) and positivity rates were the highest in the least human-populated areas. There were no significant differences between positivity rates in stool (32/80, 40.0%), spleen (59/120, 49.2%), or lymph nodes (8/10, 80.0%). Among 54 positive animals for which both spleen and stool samples were available, 25 (46.3%) had detectable virus in both samples. All fox circovirus sequences recovered in this study formed a monophyletic clade, and no geographic segregation of study strains was observed. The high prevalence and high genetic diversity observed for fox circovirus implies that the virus has been circulating in this population for a long time. PCV-3 cases were consistent with sporadic infections from multiple sources, possibly related to scavenging behavior and consumption of meat by-products and human waste, while fox circovirus was endemic, indicating that foxes are likely the maintenance host for this virus. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating the presence of fox circovirus in North America and to show that PCV-3 can be detected in foxes. Future studies should ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Marta Canuti Bruce Rodrigues Émilie Bouchard Hugh G. Whitney Andrew S. Lang Suzanne C. Dufour Joost T.P. Verhoeven |
author_facet |
Marta Canuti Bruce Rodrigues Émilie Bouchard Hugh G. Whitney Andrew S. Lang Suzanne C. Dufour Joost T.P. Verhoeven |
author_sort |
Marta Canuti |
title |
Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
title_short |
Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
title_full |
Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
title_fullStr |
Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in Canadian foxes (Vulpes spp.) |
title_sort |
distinct epidemiological profiles of porcine circovirus 3 and fox circovirus in canadian foxes (vulpes spp.) |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 https://doaj.org/article/73fa99af79df4462bc50c8dbe3e870d9 |
geographic |
Newfoundland |
geographic_facet |
Newfoundland |
genre |
Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland |
op_source |
Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100161- (2022) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266651742200058X https://doaj.org/toc/2666-5174 2666-5174 doi:10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 https://doaj.org/article/73fa99af79df4462bc50c8dbe3e870d9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100161 |
container_title |
Current Research in Microbial Sciences |
container_volume |
3 |
container_start_page |
100161 |
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1766109885289725952 |