Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses
The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to dramatic annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which likely affect bacterial activity and community structure. We studied seasonal variations in the bacterial community of active layer soil from Svalbard (78 oN)...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:73821e8d6be14ac4a899ea9fea2faeea 2023-05-15T14:55:38+02:00 Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses Anders ePrieme 2015-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 https://doaj.org/article/73821e8d6be14ac4a899ea9fea2faeea EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 https://doaj.org/article/73821e8d6be14ac4a899ea9fea2faeea Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 6 (2015) 16S rRNA gene Seasonal variation bacterial community structure High Arctic Permafrost active layer Microbiology QR1-502 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 2022-12-31T13:02:27Z The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to dramatic annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which likely affect bacterial activity and community structure. We studied seasonal variations in the bacterial community of active layer soil from Svalbard (78 oN) by co-extracting DNA and RNA from twelve soil cores collected monthly over a year. PCR amplicons of 16S rRNA genes (DNA) and reverse transcribed transcripts (cDNA) were quantified and sequenced to test for the effect of low winter temperature and seasonal variation in concentration of easily degradable organic matter on the bacterial communities. The copy number of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts revealed no distinct seasonal changes indicating potential bacterial activity during winter despite soil temperatures well below -10 oC. Multivariate statistical analysis of the bacterial diversity data (DNA and cDNA libraries) revealed a season-based clustering of the samples, and e.g the relative abundance of potentially active Cyanobacteria peaked in June and Alphaproteobacteria increased over the summer and then declined from October to November. The structure of the bulk (DNA-based) community was significantly correlated with pH and dissolved organic carbon, while the potentially active (RNA-based) community structure was not significantly correlated with any of the measured soil parameters. A large fraction of the 16S rRNA transcripts was assigned to nitrogen-fixing bacteria (up to 24 % in June) and phototrophic organisms (up to 48 % in June) illustrating the potential importance of nitrogen fixation in otherwise nitrogen poor Arctic ecosystems and of phototrophic bacterial activity on the soil surface. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Svalbard Frontiers in Microbiology 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
16S rRNA gene Seasonal variation bacterial community structure High Arctic Permafrost active layer Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
16S rRNA gene Seasonal variation bacterial community structure High Arctic Permafrost active layer Microbiology QR1-502 Anders ePrieme Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
topic_facet |
16S rRNA gene Seasonal variation bacterial community structure High Arctic Permafrost active layer Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to dramatic annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which likely affect bacterial activity and community structure. We studied seasonal variations in the bacterial community of active layer soil from Svalbard (78 oN) by co-extracting DNA and RNA from twelve soil cores collected monthly over a year. PCR amplicons of 16S rRNA genes (DNA) and reverse transcribed transcripts (cDNA) were quantified and sequenced to test for the effect of low winter temperature and seasonal variation in concentration of easily degradable organic matter on the bacterial communities. The copy number of 16S rRNA genes and transcripts revealed no distinct seasonal changes indicating potential bacterial activity during winter despite soil temperatures well below -10 oC. Multivariate statistical analysis of the bacterial diversity data (DNA and cDNA libraries) revealed a season-based clustering of the samples, and e.g the relative abundance of potentially active Cyanobacteria peaked in June and Alphaproteobacteria increased over the summer and then declined from October to November. The structure of the bulk (DNA-based) community was significantly correlated with pH and dissolved organic carbon, while the potentially active (RNA-based) community structure was not significantly correlated with any of the measured soil parameters. A large fraction of the 16S rRNA transcripts was assigned to nitrogen-fixing bacteria (up to 24 % in June) and phototrophic organisms (up to 48 % in June) illustrating the potential importance of nitrogen fixation in otherwise nitrogen poor Arctic ecosystems and of phototrophic bacterial activity on the soil surface. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Anders ePrieme |
author_facet |
Anders ePrieme |
author_sort |
Anders ePrieme |
title |
Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
title_short |
Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
title_full |
Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
title_fullStr |
Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of Svalbard permafrost revealed by DNA- and RNA-based analyses |
title_sort |
distinct summer and winter bacterial communities in the active layer of svalbard permafrost revealed by dna- and rna-based analyses |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 https://doaj.org/article/73821e8d6be14ac4a899ea9fea2faeea |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 6 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 https://doaj.org/article/73821e8d6be14ac4a899ea9fea2faeea |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00399 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
6 |
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1766327652196548608 |