Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake
The mid-depth temperature maximum (TeM) was measured in an estuarine Bol’shoi Vilyui Lake (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia) in summer 2015. We applied 1D k –ε model LAKE to the case, and found it successfully simulating the phenomenon. We argue that the main prerequisite for mid-depth TeM development is...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7369c3a70fdd410b9ef2f84757abd90a 2023-09-05T13:20:46+02:00 Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake V M Stepanenko I A Repina A Yu Artamonov S L Gorin V N Lykossov D V Kulyamin 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 https://doaj.org/article/7369c3a70fdd410b9ef2f84757abd90a EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/7369c3a70fdd410b9ef2f84757abd90a Environmental Research Letters, Vol 13, Iss 3, p 035006 (2018) temperature maximum numerical modelling estuaries meromictic lakes Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 2023-08-13T00:37:37Z The mid-depth temperature maximum (TeM) was measured in an estuarine Bol’shoi Vilyui Lake (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia) in summer 2015. We applied 1D k –ε model LAKE to the case, and found it successfully simulating the phenomenon. We argue that the main prerequisite for mid-depth TeM development is a salinity increase below the freshwater mixed layer, sharp enough in order to increase the temperature with depth not to cause convective mixing and double diffusion there. Given that this condition is satisfied, the TeM magnitude is controlled by physical factors which we identified as: radiation absorption below the mixed layer, mixed-layer temperature dynamics, vertical heat conduction and water-sediments heat exchange. In addition to these, we formulate the mechanism of temperature maximum ‘pumping’, resulting from the phase shift between diurnal cycles of mixed-layer depth and temperature maximum magnitude. Based on the LAKE model results we quantify the contribution of the above listed mechanisms and find their individual significance highly sensitive to water turbidity. Relying on physical mechanisms identified we define environmental conditions favouring the summertime TeM development in salinity-stratified lakes as: small-mixed layer depth (roughly, ~< 2 m), transparent water, daytime maximum of wind and cloudless weather. We exemplify the effect of mixed-layer depth on TeM by a set of selected lakes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kamchatka Kamchatka Peninsula Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Kamchatka Peninsula ENVELOPE(160.000,160.000,56.000,56.000) Environmental Research Letters 13 3 035006 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
temperature maximum numerical modelling estuaries meromictic lakes Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
temperature maximum numerical modelling estuaries meromictic lakes Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 V M Stepanenko I A Repina A Yu Artamonov S L Gorin V N Lykossov D V Kulyamin Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
topic_facet |
temperature maximum numerical modelling estuaries meromictic lakes Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
The mid-depth temperature maximum (TeM) was measured in an estuarine Bol’shoi Vilyui Lake (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia) in summer 2015. We applied 1D k –ε model LAKE to the case, and found it successfully simulating the phenomenon. We argue that the main prerequisite for mid-depth TeM development is a salinity increase below the freshwater mixed layer, sharp enough in order to increase the temperature with depth not to cause convective mixing and double diffusion there. Given that this condition is satisfied, the TeM magnitude is controlled by physical factors which we identified as: radiation absorption below the mixed layer, mixed-layer temperature dynamics, vertical heat conduction and water-sediments heat exchange. In addition to these, we formulate the mechanism of temperature maximum ‘pumping’, resulting from the phase shift between diurnal cycles of mixed-layer depth and temperature maximum magnitude. Based on the LAKE model results we quantify the contribution of the above listed mechanisms and find their individual significance highly sensitive to water turbidity. Relying on physical mechanisms identified we define environmental conditions favouring the summertime TeM development in salinity-stratified lakes as: small-mixed layer depth (roughly, ~< 2 m), transparent water, daytime maximum of wind and cloudless weather. We exemplify the effect of mixed-layer depth on TeM by a set of selected lakes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
V M Stepanenko I A Repina A Yu Artamonov S L Gorin V N Lykossov D V Kulyamin |
author_facet |
V M Stepanenko I A Repina A Yu Artamonov S L Gorin V N Lykossov D V Kulyamin |
author_sort |
V M Stepanenko |
title |
Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
title_short |
Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
title_full |
Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
title_fullStr |
Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
title_sort |
mid-depth temperature maximum in an estuarine lake |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 https://doaj.org/article/7369c3a70fdd410b9ef2f84757abd90a |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(160.000,160.000,56.000,56.000) |
geographic |
Kamchatka Peninsula |
geographic_facet |
Kamchatka Peninsula |
genre |
Kamchatka Kamchatka Peninsula |
genre_facet |
Kamchatka Kamchatka Peninsula |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 13, Iss 3, p 035006 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/7369c3a70fdd410b9ef2f84757abd90a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaad75 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
035006 |
_version_ |
1776201400041078784 |