The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso.
BACKGROUND:Epilepsy and progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH) are the two most common clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis, a form of cysticercosis. Most community-based studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) use a two-step approach (questionnaire and confirmation) to estimat...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:7227472185be401c94f3b87d1682b8c7 2023-05-15T15:16:48+02:00 The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. Ida Sahlu Cici Bauer Rasmané Ganaba Pierre-Marie Preux Linda D Cowan Pierre Dorny Athanase Millogo Hélène Carabin 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 https://doaj.org/article/7227472185be401c94f3b87d1682b8c7 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6353216?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 https://doaj.org/article/7227472185be401c94f3b87d1682b8c7 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e0007109 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 2022-12-30T20:54:10Z BACKGROUND:Epilepsy and progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH) are the two most common clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis, a form of cysticercosis. Most community-based studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) use a two-step approach (questionnaire and confirmation) to estimate the prevalence of these neurological disorders and neurocysticercosis. Few validate the questionnaire in the field or account for the imperfect nature of the screening questionnaire and the fact that only those who screen positive have the opportunity to be confirmed. This study aims to obtain community-based validity estimates of a screening questionnaire, and to assess the impact of verification bias and misclassification error on prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Baseline screening questionnaire followed by neurological examination data from a cluster randomized controlled trial collected between February 2011 and January 2012 were used. Bayesian latent-class models were applied to obtain verification bias adjusted validity estimates for the screening questionnaire. These models were also used to compare the adjusted prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH to those directly obtained from the data (i.e. unadjusted prevalence estimates). Different priors were used and their corresponding posterior inference was compared for both WSCH and epilepsy. Screening data were available for 4768 individuals. For epilepsy, posterior estimates for the sensitivity varied with the priors used but remained robust for the specificity, with the highest estimates at 66.1% (95I: 56.4%;75.3%) for sensitivity and 88.9% (88.0%;89.8%) for specificity. For WSCH, the sensitivity and specificity estimates remained robust, with the highest at 59.6% (49.7%;69.1%) and 88.6% (87.6%;89.6%), respectively. The unadjusted prevalence estimates were consistently lower than the adjusted prevalence estimates for both epilepsy and WSCH. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:This study demonstrates that in some settings, the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 1 e0007109 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Ida Sahlu Cici Bauer Rasmané Ganaba Pierre-Marie Preux Linda D Cowan Pierre Dorny Athanase Millogo Hélène Carabin The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Epilepsy and progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH) are the two most common clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis, a form of cysticercosis. Most community-based studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) use a two-step approach (questionnaire and confirmation) to estimate the prevalence of these neurological disorders and neurocysticercosis. Few validate the questionnaire in the field or account for the imperfect nature of the screening questionnaire and the fact that only those who screen positive have the opportunity to be confirmed. This study aims to obtain community-based validity estimates of a screening questionnaire, and to assess the impact of verification bias and misclassification error on prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Baseline screening questionnaire followed by neurological examination data from a cluster randomized controlled trial collected between February 2011 and January 2012 were used. Bayesian latent-class models were applied to obtain verification bias adjusted validity estimates for the screening questionnaire. These models were also used to compare the adjusted prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH to those directly obtained from the data (i.e. unadjusted prevalence estimates). Different priors were used and their corresponding posterior inference was compared for both WSCH and epilepsy. Screening data were available for 4768 individuals. For epilepsy, posterior estimates for the sensitivity varied with the priors used but remained robust for the specificity, with the highest estimates at 66.1% (95I: 56.4%;75.3%) for sensitivity and 88.9% (88.0%;89.8%) for specificity. For WSCH, the sensitivity and specificity estimates remained robust, with the highest at 59.6% (49.7%;69.1%) and 88.6% (87.6%;89.6%), respectively. The unadjusted prevalence estimates were consistently lower than the adjusted prevalence estimates for both epilepsy and WSCH. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:This study demonstrates that in some settings, the ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ida Sahlu Cici Bauer Rasmané Ganaba Pierre-Marie Preux Linda D Cowan Pierre Dorny Athanase Millogo Hélène Carabin |
author_facet |
Ida Sahlu Cici Bauer Rasmané Ganaba Pierre-Marie Preux Linda D Cowan Pierre Dorny Athanase Millogo Hélène Carabin |
author_sort |
Ida Sahlu |
title |
The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
title_short |
The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
title_full |
The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
title_fullStr |
The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso. |
title_sort |
impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in burkina faso. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 https://doaj.org/article/7227472185be401c94f3b87d1682b8c7 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e0007109 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6353216?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 https://doaj.org/article/7227472185be401c94f3b87d1682b8c7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007109 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
e0007109 |
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1766347100888498176 |