North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae)
Glaciation has been a powerful determiner of species distributions and the genetic structure of populations. Contemporary distributions of many organisms in North America’s Western Cordillera reflect the influence of Pleistocene glaciation. We identified a pattern of north–south differentiation in t...
Published in: | Diversity |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020212 https://doaj.org/article/72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 2023-05-15T16:41:07+02:00 North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) Peter H. Adler Will K. Reeves 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020212 https://doaj.org/article/72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/2/212 https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 doi:10.3390/d15020212 1424-2818 https://doaj.org/article/72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 Diversity, Vol 15, Iss 212, p 212 (2023) aquatic insects cytogenetics glaciation Pleistocene Rocky Mountains speciation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020212 2023-02-26T01:30:39Z Glaciation has been a powerful determiner of species distributions and the genetic structure of populations. Contemporary distributions of many organisms in North America’s Western Cordillera reflect the influence of Pleistocene glaciation. We identified a pattern of north–south differentiation in the genus Prosimulium of western North America, which reflects the separation of northern and southern populations by the North American Ice Sheet during the Pleistocene Epoch. The taxonomic implication is that new species exist within nominal species, requiring formal description or revalidation of names currently in synonymy. We morphologically and cytogenetically examined populations of one nominal species of black fly, Prosimulium esselbaughi Sommerman, over its known range from Alaska south to California and Colorado. Chromosomal and morphological evidence supports the presence of two species, P. esselbaughi sensu stricto from Alaska to at least southern British Columbia, and a new species, Prosimulium supernum in the central Rocky Mountains and high Sierra Nevada range of the United States. The new species is described in all life stages above the egg, along with its polytene chromosomes. The existence of differentiated populations of other nominal species of black flies in northern and southern North America provides a system for investigating possible co-differentiation of vectors and parasites. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Diversity 15 2 212 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
aquatic insects cytogenetics glaciation Pleistocene Rocky Mountains speciation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
aquatic insects cytogenetics glaciation Pleistocene Rocky Mountains speciation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Peter H. Adler Will K. Reeves North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
topic_facet |
aquatic insects cytogenetics glaciation Pleistocene Rocky Mountains speciation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Glaciation has been a powerful determiner of species distributions and the genetic structure of populations. Contemporary distributions of many organisms in North America’s Western Cordillera reflect the influence of Pleistocene glaciation. We identified a pattern of north–south differentiation in the genus Prosimulium of western North America, which reflects the separation of northern and southern populations by the North American Ice Sheet during the Pleistocene Epoch. The taxonomic implication is that new species exist within nominal species, requiring formal description or revalidation of names currently in synonymy. We morphologically and cytogenetically examined populations of one nominal species of black fly, Prosimulium esselbaughi Sommerman, over its known range from Alaska south to California and Colorado. Chromosomal and morphological evidence supports the presence of two species, P. esselbaughi sensu stricto from Alaska to at least southern British Columbia, and a new species, Prosimulium supernum in the central Rocky Mountains and high Sierra Nevada range of the United States. The new species is described in all life stages above the egg, along with its polytene chromosomes. The existence of differentiated populations of other nominal species of black flies in northern and southern North America provides a system for investigating possible co-differentiation of vectors and parasites. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Peter H. Adler Will K. Reeves |
author_facet |
Peter H. Adler Will K. Reeves |
author_sort |
Peter H. Adler |
title |
North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
title_short |
North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
title_full |
North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
title_fullStr |
North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
North–South Differentiation of Black Flies in the Western Cordillera of North America: A New Species of Prosimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
title_sort |
north–south differentiation of black flies in the western cordillera of north america: a new species of prosimulium (diptera: simuliidae) |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020212 https://doaj.org/article/72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 |
genre |
Ice Sheet Alaska |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet Alaska |
op_source |
Diversity, Vol 15, Iss 212, p 212 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/2/212 https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 doi:10.3390/d15020212 1424-2818 https://doaj.org/article/72185ac58a4a4e198918790c09bad2d0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020212 |
container_title |
Diversity |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
212 |
_version_ |
1766031558638043136 |