Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia.
BACKGROUND:Within the last 10 years Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused unprecedented epidemics of human disease in the nations and territories of the western Pacific and South America, and continues to escalate in both endemic and non-endemic regions. We evaluated the vector competence of Australian mosqu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:710983d5ce674696abc806c4c24bb558 2023-05-15T15:12:27+02:00 Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. Sonja Hall-Mendelin Alyssa T Pyke Peter R Moore Ian M Mackay Jamie L McMahon Scott A Ritchie Carmel T Taylor Frederick A J Moore Andrew F van den Hurk 2016-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 https://doaj.org/article/710983d5ce674696abc806c4c24bb558 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5028067?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 https://doaj.org/article/710983d5ce674696abc806c4c24bb558 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 9, p e0004959 (2016) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 2022-12-31T03:38:14Z BACKGROUND:Within the last 10 years Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused unprecedented epidemics of human disease in the nations and territories of the western Pacific and South America, and continues to escalate in both endemic and non-endemic regions. We evaluated the vector competence of Australian mosquitoes for ZIKV to assess their potential role in virus transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Mosquitoes were exposed to infectious blood meals containing the prototype African ZIKV strain. After 14 days incubation at 28°C and high relative humidity, infection, dissemination and transmission rates were assessed. Infection in Culex annulirostris and Cx. sitiens could not be detected. 8% of Cx. quinquefasciatus were infected, but the virus did not disseminate in this species. Despite having infection rates > 50%, Aedes notoscriptus and Ae. vigilax did not transmit ZIKV. In contrast, Ae. aegypti had infection and transmission rates of 57% and 27%, respectively. In susceptibility trials, the virus dose required to infect 50% (ID50) of Ae. aegypti was106.4 tissue culture infectious dose50 (TCID50)/mL. Additionally, a threshold viral load within the mosquito of at least 105.1 TCID50 equivalents/mL had to be reached before virus transmission occurred. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:We confirmed Ae. aegypti to be the most likely mosquito vector of ZIKV in Australia, although the restricted distribution of this species will limit the receptive zone to northern Queensland where this species occurs. Importantly, the role in ZIKV transmission of Culex and other Aedes spp. tested will be negligible. Despite being the implicated vector, the relatively high ID50 and need for a high titer disseminated infection in Ae. aegypti suggest that high mosquito population densities will be required to facilitate epidemic ZIKV transmission among the currently immunologically naïve human population in Australia. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Pacific Queensland PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 10 9 e0004959 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sonja Hall-Mendelin Alyssa T Pyke Peter R Moore Ian M Mackay Jamie L McMahon Scott A Ritchie Carmel T Taylor Frederick A J Moore Andrew F van den Hurk Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Within the last 10 years Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused unprecedented epidemics of human disease in the nations and territories of the western Pacific and South America, and continues to escalate in both endemic and non-endemic regions. We evaluated the vector competence of Australian mosquitoes for ZIKV to assess their potential role in virus transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Mosquitoes were exposed to infectious blood meals containing the prototype African ZIKV strain. After 14 days incubation at 28°C and high relative humidity, infection, dissemination and transmission rates were assessed. Infection in Culex annulirostris and Cx. sitiens could not be detected. 8% of Cx. quinquefasciatus were infected, but the virus did not disseminate in this species. Despite having infection rates > 50%, Aedes notoscriptus and Ae. vigilax did not transmit ZIKV. In contrast, Ae. aegypti had infection and transmission rates of 57% and 27%, respectively. In susceptibility trials, the virus dose required to infect 50% (ID50) of Ae. aegypti was106.4 tissue culture infectious dose50 (TCID50)/mL. Additionally, a threshold viral load within the mosquito of at least 105.1 TCID50 equivalents/mL had to be reached before virus transmission occurred. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:We confirmed Ae. aegypti to be the most likely mosquito vector of ZIKV in Australia, although the restricted distribution of this species will limit the receptive zone to northern Queensland where this species occurs. Importantly, the role in ZIKV transmission of Culex and other Aedes spp. tested will be negligible. Despite being the implicated vector, the relatively high ID50 and need for a high titer disseminated infection in Ae. aegypti suggest that high mosquito population densities will be required to facilitate epidemic ZIKV transmission among the currently immunologically naïve human population in Australia. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sonja Hall-Mendelin Alyssa T Pyke Peter R Moore Ian M Mackay Jamie L McMahon Scott A Ritchie Carmel T Taylor Frederick A J Moore Andrew F van den Hurk |
author_facet |
Sonja Hall-Mendelin Alyssa T Pyke Peter R Moore Ian M Mackay Jamie L McMahon Scott A Ritchie Carmel T Taylor Frederick A J Moore Andrew F van den Hurk |
author_sort |
Sonja Hall-Mendelin |
title |
Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
title_short |
Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
title_full |
Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of Local Mosquito Species Incriminates Aedes aegypti as the Potential Vector of Zika Virus in Australia. |
title_sort |
assessment of local mosquito species incriminates aedes aegypti as the potential vector of zika virus in australia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 https://doaj.org/article/710983d5ce674696abc806c4c24bb558 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific Queensland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific Queensland |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 9, p e0004959 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5028067?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 https://doaj.org/article/710983d5ce674696abc806c4c24bb558 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004959 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e0004959 |
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1766343124908507136 |