Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation
A sudden drop in salinity following extreme precipitation events usually causes mass mortality of oysters exposed to pathogens in ocean environment. While how low salinity stress interacts with pathogens to cause mass mortality remains obscure. In this study, we performed an experiment by low salini...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:704880c4b1064660b8c99b380c8bac26 2023-05-15T15:58:49+02:00 Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation Xin Li Ben Yang Chenyu Shi Hebing Wang Ruihai Yu Qi Li Shikai Liu 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 https://doaj.org/article/704880c4b1064660b8c99b380c8bac26 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 1664-3224 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 https://doaj.org/article/704880c4b1064660b8c99b380c8bac26 Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 13 (2022) low salinity stress Crassostrea gigas Vibrio alginolyticus digestive bacterial microbiota immune response Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 2022-12-31T03:12:49Z A sudden drop in salinity following extreme precipitation events usually causes mass mortality of oysters exposed to pathogens in ocean environment. While how low salinity stress interacts with pathogens to cause mass mortality remains obscure. In this study, we performed an experiment by low salinity stress and pathogen infection with Vibrio alginolyticus to investigate their synergistic effect on the mortality of the Pacific oyster toward understanding of the interaction among environment, host, and pathogen. We showed that low salinity stress did not significantly affect proliferation and virulence of V. alginolyticus, but significantly altered microbial composition and immune response of infected oysters. Microbial community profiling by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed disrupted homeostasis of digestive bacterial microbiota with the abundance of several pathogenic bacteria being increased, which may affect the pathogenesis in infected oysters. Transcriptome profiling of infected oysters revealed that a large number of genes associated with apoptosis and inflammation were significantly upregulated under low salinity, suggesting that low salinity stress may have triggered immune dysregulation in infected oysters. Our results suggest that host-pathogen interactions are strongly affected by low salinity stress, which is of great significance for assessing future environmental risk of pathogenic diseases, decoding the interaction among environment, host genetics and commensal microbes, and disease surveillance in the oyster. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Immunology 13 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
low salinity stress Crassostrea gigas Vibrio alginolyticus digestive bacterial microbiota immune response Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
spellingShingle |
low salinity stress Crassostrea gigas Vibrio alginolyticus digestive bacterial microbiota immune response Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Xin Li Ben Yang Chenyu Shi Hebing Wang Ruihai Yu Qi Li Shikai Liu Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
topic_facet |
low salinity stress Crassostrea gigas Vibrio alginolyticus digestive bacterial microbiota immune response Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
description |
A sudden drop in salinity following extreme precipitation events usually causes mass mortality of oysters exposed to pathogens in ocean environment. While how low salinity stress interacts with pathogens to cause mass mortality remains obscure. In this study, we performed an experiment by low salinity stress and pathogen infection with Vibrio alginolyticus to investigate their synergistic effect on the mortality of the Pacific oyster toward understanding of the interaction among environment, host, and pathogen. We showed that low salinity stress did not significantly affect proliferation and virulence of V. alginolyticus, but significantly altered microbial composition and immune response of infected oysters. Microbial community profiling by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed disrupted homeostasis of digestive bacterial microbiota with the abundance of several pathogenic bacteria being increased, which may affect the pathogenesis in infected oysters. Transcriptome profiling of infected oysters revealed that a large number of genes associated with apoptosis and inflammation were significantly upregulated under low salinity, suggesting that low salinity stress may have triggered immune dysregulation in infected oysters. Our results suggest that host-pathogen interactions are strongly affected by low salinity stress, which is of great significance for assessing future environmental risk of pathogenic diseases, decoding the interaction among environment, host genetics and commensal microbes, and disease surveillance in the oyster. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xin Li Ben Yang Chenyu Shi Hebing Wang Ruihai Yu Qi Li Shikai Liu |
author_facet |
Xin Li Ben Yang Chenyu Shi Hebing Wang Ruihai Yu Qi Li Shikai Liu |
author_sort |
Xin Li |
title |
Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
title_short |
Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
title_full |
Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
title_fullStr |
Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Synergistic Interaction of Low Salinity Stress With Vibrio Infection Causes Mass Mortalities in the Oyster by Inducing Host Microflora Imbalance and Immune Dysregulation |
title_sort |
synergistic interaction of low salinity stress with vibrio infection causes mass mortalities in the oyster by inducing host microflora imbalance and immune dysregulation |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 https://doaj.org/article/704880c4b1064660b8c99b380c8bac26 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 13 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 1664-3224 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 https://doaj.org/article/704880c4b1064660b8c99b380c8bac26 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.859975 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Immunology |
container_volume |
13 |
_version_ |
1766394584032608256 |