The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission.
Canine rabies transmission was interrupted in N'Djaména, Chad, following two mass vaccination campaigns. However, after nine months cases resurged with re-establishment of endemic rabies transmission to pre-intervention levels. Previous analyses investigated district level spatial heterogeneity...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6ff585a5a47446af9566d52bfb9841c2 2023-05-15T15:10:30+02:00 The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. Mirjam Laager Céline Mbilo Enos Abdelaziz Madaye Abakar Naminou Monique Léchenne Aurélie Tschopp Service Kemdongarti Naïssengar Timo Smieszek Jakob Zinsstag Nakul Chitnis 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 https://doaj.org/article/6ff585a5a47446af9566d52bfb9841c2 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6089439?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 https://doaj.org/article/6ff585a5a47446af9566d52bfb9841c2 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e0006680 (2018) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 2022-12-31T00:15:26Z Canine rabies transmission was interrupted in N'Djaména, Chad, following two mass vaccination campaigns. However, after nine months cases resurged with re-establishment of endemic rabies transmission to pre-intervention levels. Previous analyses investigated district level spatial heterogeneity of vaccination coverage, and dog density; and importation, identifying the latter as the primary factor for rabies resurgence. Here we assess the impact of individual level heterogeneity on outbreak probability, effectiveness of vaccination campaigns and likely time to resurgence after a campaign. Geo-located contact sensors recorded the location and contacts of 237 domestic dogs in N'Djaména over a period of 3.5 days. The contact network data showed that urban dogs are socially related to larger communities and constrained by the urban architecture. We developed a network generation algorithm that extrapolates this empirical contact network to networks of large dog populations and applied it to simulate rabies transmission in N'Djaména. The model predictions aligned well with the rabies incidence data. Using the model we demonstrated, that major outbreaks are prevented when at least 70% of dogs are vaccinated. The probability of a minor outbreak also decreased with increasing vaccination coverage, but reached zero only when coverage was near total. Our results suggest that endemic rabies in N'Djaména may be explained by a series of importations with subsequent minor outbreaks. We show that highly connected dogs hold a critical role in transmission and that targeted vaccination of such dogs would lead to more efficient vaccination campaigns. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12 8 e0006680 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Mirjam Laager Céline Mbilo Enos Abdelaziz Madaye Abakar Naminou Monique Léchenne Aurélie Tschopp Service Kemdongarti Naïssengar Timo Smieszek Jakob Zinsstag Nakul Chitnis The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Canine rabies transmission was interrupted in N'Djaména, Chad, following two mass vaccination campaigns. However, after nine months cases resurged with re-establishment of endemic rabies transmission to pre-intervention levels. Previous analyses investigated district level spatial heterogeneity of vaccination coverage, and dog density; and importation, identifying the latter as the primary factor for rabies resurgence. Here we assess the impact of individual level heterogeneity on outbreak probability, effectiveness of vaccination campaigns and likely time to resurgence after a campaign. Geo-located contact sensors recorded the location and contacts of 237 domestic dogs in N'Djaména over a period of 3.5 days. The contact network data showed that urban dogs are socially related to larger communities and constrained by the urban architecture. We developed a network generation algorithm that extrapolates this empirical contact network to networks of large dog populations and applied it to simulate rabies transmission in N'Djaména. The model predictions aligned well with the rabies incidence data. Using the model we demonstrated, that major outbreaks are prevented when at least 70% of dogs are vaccinated. The probability of a minor outbreak also decreased with increasing vaccination coverage, but reached zero only when coverage was near total. Our results suggest that endemic rabies in N'Djaména may be explained by a series of importations with subsequent minor outbreaks. We show that highly connected dogs hold a critical role in transmission and that targeted vaccination of such dogs would lead to more efficient vaccination campaigns. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mirjam Laager Céline Mbilo Enos Abdelaziz Madaye Abakar Naminou Monique Léchenne Aurélie Tschopp Service Kemdongarti Naïssengar Timo Smieszek Jakob Zinsstag Nakul Chitnis |
author_facet |
Mirjam Laager Céline Mbilo Enos Abdelaziz Madaye Abakar Naminou Monique Léchenne Aurélie Tschopp Service Kemdongarti Naïssengar Timo Smieszek Jakob Zinsstag Nakul Chitnis |
author_sort |
Mirjam Laager |
title |
The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
title_short |
The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
title_full |
The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
title_fullStr |
The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
title_sort |
importance of dog population contact network structures in rabies transmission. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 https://doaj.org/article/6ff585a5a47446af9566d52bfb9841c2 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e0006680 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6089439?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 https://doaj.org/article/6ff585a5a47446af9566d52bfb9841c2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006680 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
e0006680 |
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