Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach
Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 https://doaj.org/article/6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 2023-05-15T13:11:59+02:00 Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach Alexandra T. Holland Benoît Bergk Pinto Rose Layton Christopher J. Williamson Alexandre M. Anesio Timothy M. Vogel Catherine Larose Martyn Tranter 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 https://doaj.org/article/6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 https://doaj.org/article/6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 11 (2020) snow pack polar winter particulate phosphorus heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition Microbiology QR1-502 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 2022-12-30T22:19:42Z Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and fungi. Yet, most of our current understanding of snow pack environments, specifically microbial activity and community interaction, is limited to the main microbial growing season during spring ablation. At present, little is known about microbial activity and its influence on nutrient cycling during the subfreezing temperatures and 24-h darkness of the polar winter. Here, we examined microbial dynamics in a simulated cold (−5°C), dark snow pack to determine polar winter season microbial activity and its dependence on critical nutrients. Snow collected from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard was incubated in the dark over a 5-week period with four different nutrient additions, including glacial mineral particles, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and a combined treatment of DIN plus DIP. Data indicate a consumption of dissolved inorganic nutrients, particularly DIN, by heterotrophic communities, suggesting a potential nitrogen limitation, contradictory to phosphorus limitations found in most aquatic environments. 16S amplicon sequencing also reveal a clear difference in microbial community composition in the particulate mineral treatment compared to dissolved nutrient treatments and controls, suggesting that certain species of heterotrophs living within the snow pack are more likely to associate with particulates. Particulate phosphorus analyses indicate a potential ability of heterotrophic communities to access particulate sources of phosphorous, possibly explaining the lack of phosphorus limitation. These findings have importance for understanding microbial activity during the polar winter season and its potential influences on the abundance and bioavailability of nutrients released to ... Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund Frontiers in Microbiology 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
snow pack polar winter particulate phosphorus heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
snow pack polar winter particulate phosphorus heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition Microbiology QR1-502 Alexandra T. Holland Benoît Bergk Pinto Rose Layton Christopher J. Williamson Alexandre M. Anesio Timothy M. Vogel Catherine Larose Martyn Tranter Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
topic_facet |
snow pack polar winter particulate phosphorus heterotrophic bacteria nutrient addition Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Snow packs cover large expanses of Earth’s land surface, making them integral components of the cryosphere in terms of past climate and atmospheric proxies, surface albedo regulators, insulators for other Arctic environments and habitats for diverse microbial communities such as algae, bacteria and fungi. Yet, most of our current understanding of snow pack environments, specifically microbial activity and community interaction, is limited to the main microbial growing season during spring ablation. At present, little is known about microbial activity and its influence on nutrient cycling during the subfreezing temperatures and 24-h darkness of the polar winter. Here, we examined microbial dynamics in a simulated cold (−5°C), dark snow pack to determine polar winter season microbial activity and its dependence on critical nutrients. Snow collected from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard was incubated in the dark over a 5-week period with four different nutrient additions, including glacial mineral particles, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and a combined treatment of DIN plus DIP. Data indicate a consumption of dissolved inorganic nutrients, particularly DIN, by heterotrophic communities, suggesting a potential nitrogen limitation, contradictory to phosphorus limitations found in most aquatic environments. 16S amplicon sequencing also reveal a clear difference in microbial community composition in the particulate mineral treatment compared to dissolved nutrient treatments and controls, suggesting that certain species of heterotrophs living within the snow pack are more likely to associate with particulates. Particulate phosphorus analyses indicate a potential ability of heterotrophic communities to access particulate sources of phosphorous, possibly explaining the lack of phosphorus limitation. These findings have importance for understanding microbial activity during the polar winter season and its potential influences on the abundance and bioavailability of nutrients released to ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alexandra T. Holland Benoît Bergk Pinto Rose Layton Christopher J. Williamson Alexandre M. Anesio Timothy M. Vogel Catherine Larose Martyn Tranter |
author_facet |
Alexandra T. Holland Benoît Bergk Pinto Rose Layton Christopher J. Williamson Alexandre M. Anesio Timothy M. Vogel Catherine Larose Martyn Tranter |
author_sort |
Alexandra T. Holland |
title |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
title_short |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
title_full |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
title_fullStr |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Over Winter Microbial Processes in a Svalbard Snow Pack: An Experimental Approach |
title_sort |
over winter microbial processes in a svalbard snow pack: an experimental approach |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 https://doaj.org/article/6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard Ny-Ålesund |
genre |
albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 11 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 https://doaj.org/article/6f6e07372fba4e8faec79988031de838 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01029 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
11 |
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1766249811069108224 |