NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution
An established iceberg module, ICB, is used interactively with the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean model in a new implementation, NEMO–ICB (v1.0). A 30-year hindcast (1976–2005) simulation with an eddy-permitting (0.25°) global configuration of NEMO–ICB is undertaken to eval...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6f4b959bdf084e4a8662d3d237cd0117 2023-05-15T13:49:12+02:00 NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution R. Marsh V. O. Ivchenko N. Skliris S. Alderson G. R. Bigg G. Madec A. T. Blaker Y. Aksenov B. Sinha A. C. Coward J. Le Sommer N. Merino V. B. Zalesny 2015-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 https://doaj.org/article/6f4b959bdf084e4a8662d3d237cd0117 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/8/1547/2015/gmd-8-1547-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 1991-959X 1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 https://doaj.org/article/6f4b959bdf084e4a8662d3d237cd0117 Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 8, Iss 5, Pp 1547-1562 (2015) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 2022-12-30T21:49:27Z An established iceberg module, ICB, is used interactively with the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean model in a new implementation, NEMO–ICB (v1.0). A 30-year hindcast (1976–2005) simulation with an eddy-permitting (0.25°) global configuration of NEMO–ICB is undertaken to evaluate the influence of icebergs on sea ice, hydrography, mixed layer depths (MLDs), and ocean currents, through comparison with a control simulation in which the equivalent iceberg mass flux is applied as coastal runoff, a common forcing in ocean models. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), drift and melting of icebergs are in balance after around 5 years, whereas the equilibration timescale for the Northern Hemisphere (NH) is 15–20 years. Iceberg drift patterns, and Southern Ocean iceberg mass, compare favourably with available observations. Freshwater forcing due to iceberg melting is most pronounced very locally, in the coastal zone around much of Antarctica, where it often exceeds in magnitude and opposes the negative freshwater fluxes associated with sea ice freezing. However, at most locations in the polar Southern Ocean, the annual-mean freshwater flux due to icebergs, if present, is typically an order of magnitude smaller than the contribution of sea ice melting and precipitation. A notable exception is the southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, where iceberg melting reaches around 50% of net precipitation over a large area. Including icebergs in place of coastal runoff, sea ice concentration and thickness are notably decreased at most locations around Antarctica, by up to ~ 20% in the eastern Weddell Sea, with more limited increases, of up to ~ 10% in the Bellingshausen Sea. Antarctic sea ice mass decreases by 2.9%, overall. As a consequence of changes in net freshwater forcing and sea ice, salinity and temperature distributions are also substantially altered. Surface salinity increases by ~ 0.1 psu around much of Antarctica, due to suppressed coastal runoff, with extensive freshening at depth, extending ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Bellingshausen Sea Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Bellingshausen Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea Geoscientific Model Development 8 5 1547 1562 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 R. Marsh V. O. Ivchenko N. Skliris S. Alderson G. R. Bigg G. Madec A. T. Blaker Y. Aksenov B. Sinha A. C. Coward J. Le Sommer N. Merino V. B. Zalesny NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
An established iceberg module, ICB, is used interactively with the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean model in a new implementation, NEMO–ICB (v1.0). A 30-year hindcast (1976–2005) simulation with an eddy-permitting (0.25°) global configuration of NEMO–ICB is undertaken to evaluate the influence of icebergs on sea ice, hydrography, mixed layer depths (MLDs), and ocean currents, through comparison with a control simulation in which the equivalent iceberg mass flux is applied as coastal runoff, a common forcing in ocean models. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), drift and melting of icebergs are in balance after around 5 years, whereas the equilibration timescale for the Northern Hemisphere (NH) is 15–20 years. Iceberg drift patterns, and Southern Ocean iceberg mass, compare favourably with available observations. Freshwater forcing due to iceberg melting is most pronounced very locally, in the coastal zone around much of Antarctica, where it often exceeds in magnitude and opposes the negative freshwater fluxes associated with sea ice freezing. However, at most locations in the polar Southern Ocean, the annual-mean freshwater flux due to icebergs, if present, is typically an order of magnitude smaller than the contribution of sea ice melting and precipitation. A notable exception is the southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, where iceberg melting reaches around 50% of net precipitation over a large area. Including icebergs in place of coastal runoff, sea ice concentration and thickness are notably decreased at most locations around Antarctica, by up to ~ 20% in the eastern Weddell Sea, with more limited increases, of up to ~ 10% in the Bellingshausen Sea. Antarctic sea ice mass decreases by 2.9%, overall. As a consequence of changes in net freshwater forcing and sea ice, salinity and temperature distributions are also substantially altered. Surface salinity increases by ~ 0.1 psu around much of Antarctica, due to suppressed coastal runoff, with extensive freshening at depth, extending ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
R. Marsh V. O. Ivchenko N. Skliris S. Alderson G. R. Bigg G. Madec A. T. Blaker Y. Aksenov B. Sinha A. C. Coward J. Le Sommer N. Merino V. B. Zalesny |
author_facet |
R. Marsh V. O. Ivchenko N. Skliris S. Alderson G. R. Bigg G. Madec A. T. Blaker Y. Aksenov B. Sinha A. C. Coward J. Le Sommer N. Merino V. B. Zalesny |
author_sort |
R. Marsh |
title |
NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
title_short |
NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
title_full |
NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
title_fullStr |
NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
title_full_unstemmed |
NEMO–ICB (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the NEMO ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
title_sort |
nemo–icb (v1.0): interactive icebergs in the nemo ocean model globally configured at eddy-permitting resolution |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 https://doaj.org/article/6f4b959bdf084e4a8662d3d237cd0117 |
geographic |
Antarctic Bellingshausen Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Bellingshausen Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Bellingshausen Sea Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Bellingshausen Sea Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 8, Iss 5, Pp 1547-1562 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/8/1547/2015/gmd-8-1547-2015.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 1991-959X 1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 https://doaj.org/article/6f4b959bdf084e4a8662d3d237cd0117 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1547-2015 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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