Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route.
BACKGROUND:Snake bite causes greater mortality than most of the other neglected tropical diseases. Snake antivenom, although effective in minimizing mortality in developed countries, is not equally so in developing countries due to its poor availability in remote snake infested areas as, and when, r...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6e10f2eec2824351a2835e7d0156cf32 2023-05-15T15:11:52+02:00 Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. Sourav Bhattacharya Mousumi Chakraborty Piyasi Mukhopadhyay P P Kundu Roshnara Mishra 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 https://doaj.org/article/6e10f2eec2824351a2835e7d0156cf32 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4125299?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 https://doaj.org/article/6e10f2eec2824351a2835e7d0156cf32 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e3039 (2014) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 2022-12-31T13:04:09Z BACKGROUND:Snake bite causes greater mortality than most of the other neglected tropical diseases. Snake antivenom, although effective in minimizing mortality in developed countries, is not equally so in developing countries due to its poor availability in remote snake infested areas as, and when, required. An alternative approach in this direction could be taken by making orally deliverable polyvalent antivenom formulation, preferably under a globally integrated strategy, for using it as a first aid during transit time from remote trauma sites to hospitals. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:To address this problem, multiple components of polyvalent antivenom were entrapped in alginate. Structural analysis, scanning electron microscopy, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, swelling study, in vitro pH sensitive release, acid digestion, mucoadhesive property and venom neutralization were studied in in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that alginate retained its mucoadhesive, acid protective and pH sensitive swelling property after entrapping antivenom. After pH dependent release from alginate beads, antivenom (ASVS) significantly neutralized phospholipaseA2 activity, hemolysis, lactate dehydrogenase activity and lethality of venom. In ex vivo mice intestinal preparation, ASVS was absorbed significantly through the intestine and it inhibited venom lethality which indicated that all the components of antivenom required for neutralization of venom lethality were retained despite absorption across the intestinal layer. Results from in vivo studies indicated that orally delivered ASVS can significantly neutralize venom effects, depicted by protection against lethality, decreased hemotoxicity and renal toxicity caused by russell viper venom. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Alginate was effective in entrapping all the structural components of ASVS, which on release and intestinal absorption effectively reconstituted the function of antivenom in neutralizing viper and cobra venom. Further research in this direction can ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8 8 e3039 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sourav Bhattacharya Mousumi Chakraborty Piyasi Mukhopadhyay P P Kundu Roshnara Mishra Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Snake bite causes greater mortality than most of the other neglected tropical diseases. Snake antivenom, although effective in minimizing mortality in developed countries, is not equally so in developing countries due to its poor availability in remote snake infested areas as, and when, required. An alternative approach in this direction could be taken by making orally deliverable polyvalent antivenom formulation, preferably under a globally integrated strategy, for using it as a first aid during transit time from remote trauma sites to hospitals. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:To address this problem, multiple components of polyvalent antivenom were entrapped in alginate. Structural analysis, scanning electron microscopy, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, swelling study, in vitro pH sensitive release, acid digestion, mucoadhesive property and venom neutralization were studied in in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that alginate retained its mucoadhesive, acid protective and pH sensitive swelling property after entrapping antivenom. After pH dependent release from alginate beads, antivenom (ASVS) significantly neutralized phospholipaseA2 activity, hemolysis, lactate dehydrogenase activity and lethality of venom. In ex vivo mice intestinal preparation, ASVS was absorbed significantly through the intestine and it inhibited venom lethality which indicated that all the components of antivenom required for neutralization of venom lethality were retained despite absorption across the intestinal layer. Results from in vivo studies indicated that orally delivered ASVS can significantly neutralize venom effects, depicted by protection against lethality, decreased hemotoxicity and renal toxicity caused by russell viper venom. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Alginate was effective in entrapping all the structural components of ASVS, which on release and intestinal absorption effectively reconstituted the function of antivenom in neutralizing viper and cobra venom. Further research in this direction can ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sourav Bhattacharya Mousumi Chakraborty Piyasi Mukhopadhyay P P Kundu Roshnara Mishra |
author_facet |
Sourav Bhattacharya Mousumi Chakraborty Piyasi Mukhopadhyay P P Kundu Roshnara Mishra |
author_sort |
Sourav Bhattacharya |
title |
Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
title_short |
Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
title_full |
Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
title_fullStr |
Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
title_sort |
viper and cobra venom neutralization by alginate coated multicomponent polyvalent antivenom administered by the oral route. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 https://doaj.org/article/6e10f2eec2824351a2835e7d0156cf32 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e3039 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4125299?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 https://doaj.org/article/6e10f2eec2824351a2835e7d0156cf32 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003039 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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8 |
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8 |
container_start_page |
e3039 |
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1766342655096127488 |