Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov
The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence...
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MDPI AG
2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 https://doaj.org/article/6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa 2023-08-20T04:10:19+02:00 Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 https://doaj.org/article/6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/7/863 https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 doi:10.3390/d15070863 1424-2818 https://doaj.org/article/6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa Diversity, Vol 15, Iss 863, p 863 (2023) marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 2023-07-30T00:35:57Z The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence of a sister position to “true” coccidians ( Eimeria , Sarcocystis , Toxoplasma ). E. duboscqi is characterized by epicellular development in the so-called parasitophorous sac of the host cell origin. The unusual localization of Eleutheroschizon is comparable to that of Cryptosporidium . We describe a new species of the genus, E. planoratum ex Naineris quadricuspida polychaete from the White Sea, using light and electron microscopy. The morphology of attachment apparatus, phylogenetic analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal operon (SSU rDNA, ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and LSU rDNA), and compensatory base changes in ITS2 secondary structures of both protococcidians confirm the new species. The resulting phylogenies also confirm that Eleutheroschizon is sister to eimeriid coccidians, while Cryptosporidium tends to be grouped with gregarines. We discuss a new type of endoparasitism among sporozoans—the closed epicellular parasitism that evolved convergently in Eleutheroschizon and Cryptosporidium . The diagnosis of the new species and the emended diagnoses of the species E. duboscqi and the genus Eleutheroschizon are presented. Article in Journal/Newspaper White Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles White Sea Diversity 15 7 863 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
topic_facet |
marine apicomplexans host–parasite interactions Cryptosporidium Eleutheroschizonidae Protococcidiida polychaetes Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
The order Protococcidiida is one of the most poorly studied basal groups of Sporozoa (Apicomplexa sensu stricto). To date, the phylogenetic unity of protococcidians and their relationship with other sporozoans are understudied. Only the protococcidian Eleutheroschizon duboscqi has molecular evidence of a sister position to “true” coccidians ( Eimeria , Sarcocystis , Toxoplasma ). E. duboscqi is characterized by epicellular development in the so-called parasitophorous sac of the host cell origin. The unusual localization of Eleutheroschizon is comparable to that of Cryptosporidium . We describe a new species of the genus, E. planoratum ex Naineris quadricuspida polychaete from the White Sea, using light and electron microscopy. The morphology of attachment apparatus, phylogenetic analyses of concatenated DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal operon (SSU rDNA, ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, ITS2, and LSU rDNA), and compensatory base changes in ITS2 secondary structures of both protococcidians confirm the new species. The resulting phylogenies also confirm that Eleutheroschizon is sister to eimeriid coccidians, while Cryptosporidium tends to be grouped with gregarines. We discuss a new type of endoparasitism among sporozoans—the closed epicellular parasitism that evolved convergently in Eleutheroschizon and Cryptosporidium . The diagnosis of the new species and the emended diagnoses of the species E. duboscqi and the genus Eleutheroschizon are presented. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov |
author_facet |
Gita G. Paskerova Tatiana S. Miroliubova Andrea Valigurová Vladimir V. Aleoshin Timur G. Simdyanov |
author_sort |
Gita G. Paskerova |
title |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_short |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_full |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_fullStr |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study of Protococcidians Sheds Light on the Evolution of Epicellular Parasitism in Sporozoa (Apicomplexa), with the Description of Eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
title_sort |
morphological and phylogenetic study of protococcidians sheds light on the evolution of epicellular parasitism in sporozoa (apicomplexa), with the description of eleutheroschizon planoratum sp. nov |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 https://doaj.org/article/6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa |
geographic |
White Sea |
geographic_facet |
White Sea |
genre |
White Sea |
genre_facet |
White Sea |
op_source |
Diversity, Vol 15, Iss 863, p 863 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/7/863 https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818 doi:10.3390/d15070863 1424-2818 https://doaj.org/article/6def9818f4e04bea939c23e668ec52aa |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/d15070863 |
container_title |
Diversity |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
863 |
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1774724420827348992 |