Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use.
Background Insecticide use continues as the main strategy to control Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. In the city of Tapachula, Mexico, mosquito control programs switched from pyrethroids to organophosphates for outdoor spatial spraying in 2013. Additionally,...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6d675cf03c94478fab16618f33b97a34 2023-05-15T15:16:41+02:00 Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. Francisco Solis-Santoyo Americo D Rodriguez R Patricia Penilla-Navarro Daniel Sanchez Alfredo Castillo-Vera Alma D Lopez-Solis Eduardo D Vazquez-Lopez Saul Lozano William C Black Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/article/6d675cf03c94478fab16618f33b97a34 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/article/6d675cf03c94478fab16618f33b97a34 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009746 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 2022-12-31T11:29:28Z Background Insecticide use continues as the main strategy to control Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. In the city of Tapachula, Mexico, mosquito control programs switched from pyrethroids to organophosphates for outdoor spatial spraying in 2013. Additionally, the spraying scheme switched from total coverage to focused control, prioritizing areas with higher entomological-virological risk. Five years after this strategy had been implemented, we evaluated the status and variability of insecticide resistance among Ae. aegypti collected at 26 sites in Tapachula. Methodology/principal findings We determined the lethal concentrations at 50% of the tested populations (LC50) using a bottle bioassay, and then, we calculated the resistance ratio (RR) relative to the susceptible New Orleans strain. Permethrin and deltamethrin (pyrethroids), chlorpyrifos and malathion (organophosphates), and bendiocarb (carbamate) were tested. The frequencies of the substitutions V1016I and F1534C, which are in the voltage-gated sodium channel and confer knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides, were calculated. Despite 5 years having passed since the removal of pyrethroids from the control programs, Ae. aegypti remained highly resistant to permethrin and deltamethrin (RR > 10-fold). In addition, following 5 years of chlorpyrifos use, mosquitoes at 15 of 26 sites showed moderate resistance to chlorpyrifos (5- to 10-fold), and the mosquitoes from one site were highly resistant. All sites had low resistance to malathion (< 5-fold). Resistance to bendiocarb was low at 19 sites, moderate at five, and high at two. Frequencies of the V1016I ranged from 0.16-0.71, while C1534 approached fixation at 23 sites (0.8-1). Resistance profiles and kdr allele frequencies varied across Tapachula. The variability was not associated with a spatial pattern at the scale of the sampling. Conclusion/significance Mosquito populations respond to selection pressure at a focal scale in the field. Spatial ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Orleans ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-63.950,-63.950) PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 9 e0009746 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Francisco Solis-Santoyo Americo D Rodriguez R Patricia Penilla-Navarro Daniel Sanchez Alfredo Castillo-Vera Alma D Lopez-Solis Eduardo D Vazquez-Lopez Saul Lozano William C Black Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Insecticide use continues as the main strategy to control Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. In the city of Tapachula, Mexico, mosquito control programs switched from pyrethroids to organophosphates for outdoor spatial spraying in 2013. Additionally, the spraying scheme switched from total coverage to focused control, prioritizing areas with higher entomological-virological risk. Five years after this strategy had been implemented, we evaluated the status and variability of insecticide resistance among Ae. aegypti collected at 26 sites in Tapachula. Methodology/principal findings We determined the lethal concentrations at 50% of the tested populations (LC50) using a bottle bioassay, and then, we calculated the resistance ratio (RR) relative to the susceptible New Orleans strain. Permethrin and deltamethrin (pyrethroids), chlorpyrifos and malathion (organophosphates), and bendiocarb (carbamate) were tested. The frequencies of the substitutions V1016I and F1534C, which are in the voltage-gated sodium channel and confer knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides, were calculated. Despite 5 years having passed since the removal of pyrethroids from the control programs, Ae. aegypti remained highly resistant to permethrin and deltamethrin (RR > 10-fold). In addition, following 5 years of chlorpyrifos use, mosquitoes at 15 of 26 sites showed moderate resistance to chlorpyrifos (5- to 10-fold), and the mosquitoes from one site were highly resistant. All sites had low resistance to malathion (< 5-fold). Resistance to bendiocarb was low at 19 sites, moderate at five, and high at two. Frequencies of the V1016I ranged from 0.16-0.71, while C1534 approached fixation at 23 sites (0.8-1). Resistance profiles and kdr allele frequencies varied across Tapachula. The variability was not associated with a spatial pattern at the scale of the sampling. Conclusion/significance Mosquito populations respond to selection pressure at a focal scale in the field. Spatial ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Francisco Solis-Santoyo Americo D Rodriguez R Patricia Penilla-Navarro Daniel Sanchez Alfredo Castillo-Vera Alma D Lopez-Solis Eduardo D Vazquez-Lopez Saul Lozano William C Black Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez |
author_facet |
Francisco Solis-Santoyo Americo D Rodriguez R Patricia Penilla-Navarro Daniel Sanchez Alfredo Castillo-Vera Alma D Lopez-Solis Eduardo D Vazquez-Lopez Saul Lozano William C Black Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez |
author_sort |
Francisco Solis-Santoyo |
title |
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
title_short |
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
title_full |
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
title_fullStr |
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti from Tapachula, Mexico: Spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
title_sort |
insecticide resistance in aedes aegypti from tapachula, mexico: spatial variation and response to historical insecticide use. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/article/6d675cf03c94478fab16618f33b97a34 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-60.667,-60.667,-63.950,-63.950) |
geographic |
Arctic Orleans |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Orleans |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009746 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 https://doaj.org/article/6d675cf03c94478fab16618f33b97a34 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009746 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
e0009746 |
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