Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia.
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis is a lethal parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. The largest focus of VL in Ethiopia is located in the lowland region bordering Sudan, where the epidemiology is complicated by the presence of thousands of seasonal agricultural workers who live...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6d0604a9044b41d9afc9dee3011d70e1 2023-05-15T15:10:37+02:00 Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. Daniel Argaw Abate Mulugeta Mercè Herrero Nohelly Nombela Tsegemariam Teklu Teodros Tefera Zewdu Belew Jorge Alvar Caryn Bern 2013-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 https://doaj.org/article/6d0604a9044b41d9afc9dee3011d70e1 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3820755?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 https://doaj.org/article/6d0604a9044b41d9afc9dee3011d70e1 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e2543 (2013) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 2023-01-08T01:24:30Z BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis is a lethal parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. The largest focus of VL in Ethiopia is located in the lowland region bordering Sudan, where the epidemiology is complicated by the presence of thousands of seasonal agricultural workers who live under precarious conditions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted two parallel case-control studies to identify factors associated with VL risk in residents and migrants. The studies were conducted from 2009 to 2011 and included 151 resident cases and 157 migrant cases, with 2 matched controls per case. In multivariable conditional regression models, sleeping under an acacia tree at night (odds ratios (OR) 5.2 [95% confidence interval 1.7-16.4] for residents and 4.7 [1.9-12.0] for migrants), indicators of poverty and lower educational status were associated with increased risk in both populations. Strong protective effects were observed for bed net use (OR 0.24 [0.12-0.48] for net use in the rainy season among residents, OR 0.20 [0.10-0.42] for any net use among migrants). For residents, living in a house with thatch walls conferred 5-fold and sleeping on the ground 3-fold increased risk. Among migrants, the risk associated with HIV status was borderline significant and sleeping near dogs was associated with 7-fold increased risk. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Preventive strategies should focus on ways to ensure net usage, especially among migrant workers without fixed shelters. More research is needed to understand migration patterns of seasonal labourers and vector bionomics. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7 11 e2543 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Daniel Argaw Abate Mulugeta Mercè Herrero Nohelly Nombela Tsegemariam Teklu Teodros Tefera Zewdu Belew Jorge Alvar Caryn Bern Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis is a lethal parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. The largest focus of VL in Ethiopia is located in the lowland region bordering Sudan, where the epidemiology is complicated by the presence of thousands of seasonal agricultural workers who live under precarious conditions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted two parallel case-control studies to identify factors associated with VL risk in residents and migrants. The studies were conducted from 2009 to 2011 and included 151 resident cases and 157 migrant cases, with 2 matched controls per case. In multivariable conditional regression models, sleeping under an acacia tree at night (odds ratios (OR) 5.2 [95% confidence interval 1.7-16.4] for residents and 4.7 [1.9-12.0] for migrants), indicators of poverty and lower educational status were associated with increased risk in both populations. Strong protective effects were observed for bed net use (OR 0.24 [0.12-0.48] for net use in the rainy season among residents, OR 0.20 [0.10-0.42] for any net use among migrants). For residents, living in a house with thatch walls conferred 5-fold and sleeping on the ground 3-fold increased risk. Among migrants, the risk associated with HIV status was borderline significant and sleeping near dogs was associated with 7-fold increased risk. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Preventive strategies should focus on ways to ensure net usage, especially among migrant workers without fixed shelters. More research is needed to understand migration patterns of seasonal labourers and vector bionomics. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Daniel Argaw Abate Mulugeta Mercè Herrero Nohelly Nombela Tsegemariam Teklu Teodros Tefera Zewdu Belew Jorge Alvar Caryn Bern |
author_facet |
Daniel Argaw Abate Mulugeta Mercè Herrero Nohelly Nombela Tsegemariam Teklu Teodros Tefera Zewdu Belew Jorge Alvar Caryn Bern |
author_sort |
Daniel Argaw |
title |
Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
title_short |
Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
title_full |
Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
title_fullStr |
Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Risk factors for visceral Leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in Kafta-Humera, Ethiopia. |
title_sort |
risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis among residents and migrants in kafta-humera, ethiopia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 https://doaj.org/article/6d0604a9044b41d9afc9dee3011d70e1 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e2543 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3820755?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 https://doaj.org/article/6d0604a9044b41d9afc9dee3011d70e1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002543 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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7 |
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11 |
container_start_page |
e2543 |
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