Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana
Abstract Background The socioeconomic and sociodemographic situation are important components for the design and assessment of malaria control measures. In malaria endemic areas, however, valid classification of socioeconomic factors is difficult due to the lack of standardized tax and income data....
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6cdcc372ca06437cb1160999bf64dd91 2023-05-15T15:15:02+02:00 Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana Adu-Sarkodie Yaw Sarpong Nimako Loag Wibke Acquah Samuel Nkrumah Bernard Schwarz Norbert Krefis Anne Ranft Ulrich May Jürgen 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 https://doaj.org/article/6cdcc372ca06437cb1160999bf64dd91 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/201 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/6cdcc372ca06437cb1160999bf64dd91 Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 201 (2010) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2010 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 2023-01-08T01:28:18Z Abstract Background The socioeconomic and sociodemographic situation are important components for the design and assessment of malaria control measures. In malaria endemic areas, however, valid classification of socioeconomic factors is difficult due to the lack of standardized tax and income data. The objective of this study was to quantify household socioeconomic levels using principal component analyses (PCA) to a set of indicator variables and to use a classification scheme for the multivariate analysis of children < 15 years of age presented with and without malaria to an outpatient department of a rural hospital. Methods In total, 1,496 children presenting to the hospital were examined for malaria parasites and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. The information of eleven indicators of the family's housing situation was reduced by PCA to a socioeconomic score, which was then classified into three socioeconomic status (poor, average and rich). Their influence on the malaria occurrence was analysed together with malaria risk co-factors, such as sex, parent's educational and ethnic background, number of children living in a household, applied malaria protection measures, place of residence and age of the child and the mother. Results The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the proportion of children with malaria decreased with increasing socioeconomic status as classified by PCA (p < 0.05). Other independent factors for malaria risk were the use of malaria protection measures (p < 0.05), the place of residence (p < 0.05), and the age of the child (p < 0.05). Conclusions The socioeconomic situation is significantly associated with malaria even in holoendemic rural areas where economic differences are not much pronounced. Valid classification of the socioeconomic level is crucial to be considered as confounder in intervention trials and in the planning of malaria control measures. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 9 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Adu-Sarkodie Yaw Sarpong Nimako Loag Wibke Acquah Samuel Nkrumah Bernard Schwarz Norbert Krefis Anne Ranft Ulrich May Jürgen Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The socioeconomic and sociodemographic situation are important components for the design and assessment of malaria control measures. In malaria endemic areas, however, valid classification of socioeconomic factors is difficult due to the lack of standardized tax and income data. The objective of this study was to quantify household socioeconomic levels using principal component analyses (PCA) to a set of indicator variables and to use a classification scheme for the multivariate analysis of children < 15 years of age presented with and without malaria to an outpatient department of a rural hospital. Methods In total, 1,496 children presenting to the hospital were examined for malaria parasites and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire. The information of eleven indicators of the family's housing situation was reduced by PCA to a socioeconomic score, which was then classified into three socioeconomic status (poor, average and rich). Their influence on the malaria occurrence was analysed together with malaria risk co-factors, such as sex, parent's educational and ethnic background, number of children living in a household, applied malaria protection measures, place of residence and age of the child and the mother. Results The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the proportion of children with malaria decreased with increasing socioeconomic status as classified by PCA (p < 0.05). Other independent factors for malaria risk were the use of malaria protection measures (p < 0.05), the place of residence (p < 0.05), and the age of the child (p < 0.05). Conclusions The socioeconomic situation is significantly associated with malaria even in holoendemic rural areas where economic differences are not much pronounced. Valid classification of the socioeconomic level is crucial to be considered as confounder in intervention trials and in the planning of malaria control measures. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Adu-Sarkodie Yaw Sarpong Nimako Loag Wibke Acquah Samuel Nkrumah Bernard Schwarz Norbert Krefis Anne Ranft Ulrich May Jürgen |
author_facet |
Adu-Sarkodie Yaw Sarpong Nimako Loag Wibke Acquah Samuel Nkrumah Bernard Schwarz Norbert Krefis Anne Ranft Ulrich May Jürgen |
author_sort |
Adu-Sarkodie Yaw |
title |
Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
title_short |
Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
title_full |
Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
title_fullStr |
Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
title_full_unstemmed |
Principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana |
title_sort |
principal component analysis of socioeconomic factors and their association with malaria in children from the ashanti region, ghana |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 https://doaj.org/article/6cdcc372ca06437cb1160999bf64dd91 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 201 (2010) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/201 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/6cdcc372ca06437cb1160999bf64dd91 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-201 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
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9 |
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1 |
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1766345428805091328 |