Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis.
Background Better knowledge of the efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in preschool-age children is required, should preventive chemotherapy programs for schistosomiasis be expanded to include this age group. Methodology We analyzed individual participant-level data from 16...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:6b4d9dbc269646a79fcd185c6c560947 2023-05-15T15:17:52+02:00 Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. Piero L Olliaro Jean T Coulibaly Amadou Garba Christine Halleux Jennifer Keiser Charles H King Francisca Mutapi Eliézer K N'Goran Giovanna Raso Alexandra U Scherrer José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo Katarina Stete Jürg Utzinger Michel T Vaillant 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/article/6b4d9dbc269646a79fcd185c6c560947 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/article/6b4d9dbc269646a79fcd185c6c560947 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e0008277 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 2022-12-31T07:46:37Z Background Better knowledge of the efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in preschool-age children is required, should preventive chemotherapy programs for schistosomiasis be expanded to include this age group. Methodology We analyzed individual participant-level data from 16 studies (13 single-arm or cohort studies and three randomized trials), amounting to 683 preschool-age children (aged <6 years) and 2,010 school-age children (aged 6-14 years). Children had a documented Schistosoma mansoni or S. haematobium infection, were treated with single 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel, and assessed between 21 and 60 days post-treatment. Efficacy was expressed as arithmetic mean and individual egg reduction rate (ERR) and meta-analyzed using general linear models and mixed models. Safety was summarized using reported adverse events (AEs). Principal findings Preschool-age children had significantly lower baseline Schistosoma egg counts and more losses to follow-up compared to school-age children. No difference in efficacy was found between preschool- and school-age children using a general linear model of individual-participant ERR with baseline log-transformed egg count as covariate and study, age, and sex as fixed variables, and a mixed model with a random effect on the study. Safety was reported in only four studies (n = 1,128 individuals); few AEs were reported in preschool-age children 4 and 24 hours post-treatment as well as at follow-up. Three severe but not serious AEs were recorded in school-age children during follow-up. Conclusions/significance There is no indication that single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel would be less efficacious and less safe in preschool-age children compared to school-age children, with the caveat that only few randomized comparisons exist between the two age groups. Preventive chemotherapy might therefore be extended to preschool-age children, with proper monitoring of its efficacy and safety. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 6 e0008277 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Piero L Olliaro Jean T Coulibaly Amadou Garba Christine Halleux Jennifer Keiser Charles H King Francisca Mutapi Eliézer K N'Goran Giovanna Raso Alexandra U Scherrer José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo Katarina Stete Jürg Utzinger Michel T Vaillant Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Better knowledge of the efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in preschool-age children is required, should preventive chemotherapy programs for schistosomiasis be expanded to include this age group. Methodology We analyzed individual participant-level data from 16 studies (13 single-arm or cohort studies and three randomized trials), amounting to 683 preschool-age children (aged <6 years) and 2,010 school-age children (aged 6-14 years). Children had a documented Schistosoma mansoni or S. haematobium infection, were treated with single 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel, and assessed between 21 and 60 days post-treatment. Efficacy was expressed as arithmetic mean and individual egg reduction rate (ERR) and meta-analyzed using general linear models and mixed models. Safety was summarized using reported adverse events (AEs). Principal findings Preschool-age children had significantly lower baseline Schistosoma egg counts and more losses to follow-up compared to school-age children. No difference in efficacy was found between preschool- and school-age children using a general linear model of individual-participant ERR with baseline log-transformed egg count as covariate and study, age, and sex as fixed variables, and a mixed model with a random effect on the study. Safety was reported in only four studies (n = 1,128 individuals); few AEs were reported in preschool-age children 4 and 24 hours post-treatment as well as at follow-up. Three severe but not serious AEs were recorded in school-age children during follow-up. Conclusions/significance There is no indication that single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel would be less efficacious and less safe in preschool-age children compared to school-age children, with the caveat that only few randomized comparisons exist between the two age groups. Preventive chemotherapy might therefore be extended to preschool-age children, with proper monitoring of its efficacy and safety. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Piero L Olliaro Jean T Coulibaly Amadou Garba Christine Halleux Jennifer Keiser Charles H King Francisca Mutapi Eliézer K N'Goran Giovanna Raso Alexandra U Scherrer José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo Katarina Stete Jürg Utzinger Michel T Vaillant |
author_facet |
Piero L Olliaro Jean T Coulibaly Amadou Garba Christine Halleux Jennifer Keiser Charles H King Francisca Mutapi Eliézer K N'Goran Giovanna Raso Alexandra U Scherrer José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo Katarina Stete Jürg Utzinger Michel T Vaillant |
author_sort |
Piero L Olliaro |
title |
Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
title_short |
Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
title_full |
Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
title_fullStr |
Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: An individual participant data meta-analysis. |
title_sort |
efficacy and safety of single-dose 40 mg/kg oral praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis in preschool-age versus school-age children: an individual participant data meta-analysis. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/article/6b4d9dbc269646a79fcd185c6c560947 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 6, p e0008277 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 https://doaj.org/article/6b4d9dbc269646a79fcd185c6c560947 |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008277 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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