Bird remains from the Starčevo and Lengyel culture settlements of the site Alsónyék-Bátaszék (South-western Hungary)

• Published in: Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã)
• Main Authors: Gál, E., Biller, A., Nyerges, E., Osztás, A.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: German; English; French; Romanian
• Published: Editura Academiei Române 2021
• Subjects: bird bones; palaeo-environment; bird exploitation; early and late neolithic; alsónyék-bátaszék; south-western hungary; Archaeology; CC1-960; Aquila chrysaetos; golden eagle
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3406/mcarh.2021.2224; https://doaj.org/article/69c92277e4874297bb880e5335b7ea8f

In this paper, the first Starčevo (Early Neolithic) and Lengyel culture (Late Neolithic) avian assemblages from Hungary are presented. The abundance of remains and identified wetland species in the Starčevo period sample of Alsónyék-Bátaszék located in south-western Hungary fits into the stereotype of the Körös culture localities from the eastern part of country indicating the frequent exploitation of aquatic resources by fowling, fishing and gathering. Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is first identified for the Neolithic avifauna of Hungary. Its presence in both the Starčevo and Lengyel period samples suggest that this species may have nested in the Mecsek or Villány Mountains during the 6th– 5th millennia BC. Interest in fowling at Alsónyék-Bátaszék seems to have declined towards the Late Neolithic according to the drop both in the quantity and diversity of birds. Nevertheless, wings, feathers and bones of diurnal birds of prey and owls proved to have been selected both for raw material and ornaments, and ritual purposes during the Lengyel Period.