Response of the flow dynamics of Bowdoin Glacier, northwestern Greenland, to basal lubrication and tidal forcing

• Published in: Journal of Glaciology
• Main Authors: HAKIME SEDDIK, RALF GREVE, DAIKI SAKAKIBARA, SHUN TSUTAKI, MASAHIRO MINOWA, SHIN SUGIYAMA
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge University Press 2019
• Subjects: Arctic glaciology; glacier flow; glacier fluctuations; glacier modelling; ice/ocean interactions; Environmental sciences; GE1-350; Meteorology. Climatology; QC851-999; Arctic; Greenland; Bowdoin; glacier; Journal of Glaciology
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2018.106; https://doaj.org/article/684b0fea3b6d4901aa80f947e6fd74d4

We use the full-Stokes model Elmer/Ice to investigate the present dynamics of Bowdoin Glacier, a marine-terminating outlet glacier in northwestern Greenland. Short-term speed variations of the glacier were observed, correlating with air temperature and precipitation, and with the semi-diurnal ocean tides. We use a control inverse method to determine the distribution of basal friction. This reveals that most of the glacier area is characterized by near-plug-flow conditions, while some sticky spots are also identified. We then conduct experiments to test the sensitivity of the glacier flow to basal lubrication and tidal forcing at the calving front. Reduction of the basal drag by 10–40% produces speed-ups that agree approximately with the observed range of speed-ups that result from warm weather and precipitation events. In agreement with the observations, tidal forcing and surface speed near the calving front are found to be in anti-phase (high tide corresponds to low speed, and vice versa). However, the amplitude of the semi-diurnal variability is underpredicted by a factor ~ 3, which is likely related to either inaccuracies in the surface and bedrock topographies or mechanical weakening due to crevassing.